| How to Raise Awareness of Diversity, Equality, and Inclusion Posted: 18 May 2018 01:00 AM PDT Diversity, equality, and inclusion are important goals for any community or organization. Promoting these ideals can be a big task, however. Wherever possible, use local resources and social media to foster a more diverse, inclusive, and equitable space for all. At schools, look for clubs and organizations that can host events and speakers. In the workplace, consider training workshops, open dialogues, and more inclusive hiring practices. By enforcing these policies, you can create a safe, friendly community. EditCreating Friendly Communities - Use inclusive language to act as a model for other people. Sometimes, the best thing you can do is to model good use of inclusive language for others. Incorporate these terms into your daily conversation so that others will use them as well.[1]
- People first language emphasizes that the subject is a person who is not defined by their lifestyle, disability, or other characteristics. Instead of saying a "disabled person", for example, say "a person with a disability."
- Talk in first person about your experiences and feelings. Use "I" statements like "I always feel" or "When I experience something, it makes me think" instead of "you always do this" or "you know how it is."
- Respect other people's chosen pronouns, names, or identities. Don't try to correct them or define their experience for them.
- Start a blog or social media account for awareness. A blog on a website like Wordpress, Blogger, or Tumblr can help you raise awareness for issues you care about. If you don't have time to publish a blog, share articles, opinions, and thoughts through Facebook or Twitter.[2]
- Use hashtags and key words that help connect your thoughts to the wider discussion. For example, you might use hashtags like #equalpay, #achievementgap, and #whyIstayed.
- Organize cultural events to expose people to different lifestyles. Fairs, festivals, and other public events can help your community learn about other cultures, lifestyles, and beliefs. Some great ideas include:[3]
- International food festival
- International film screenings
- Pride parade
- Lectures and speeches from civil rights leaders
- Ceremonies and celebrations for different religious traditions
- Documentary screenings on important social issues
- Fundraisers for non-profits supporting diversity, equality, and inclusion initiatives
- Host a town hall where all citizens can voice their issues. Part of inclusivity and equality is making sure that everyone's voice is heard. Ask your town council or government to host an open town hall for the community. Choose a specific issue, such as lack of healthcare, or leave the topic open.[4]
- Invite community members to sign up for speaking slots at the beginning of the event. Give each person a certain amount of time to make sure that every person has a chance to be heard.
- Try to have government figures and policy makers at the event. You might invite the mayor, town council members, school board members, or other decision makers.
- If your town government will not host an open town hall, hold your own. Book a room in a local library, community center, or school to host the event.
- Highlight specific issues in your local community. Instead of taking on all social issues at once, choose 1 local issue that you can fight to change. Advertise your campaign through social media, flyers, and public events. Get others involved to solve this issue in your own town or community.[5]
- For example, you might notice that there are no ramps or elevators in public buildings for people who may have mobility issues. Start a campaign to install accessible entrances in these buildings.
- You might run a public fundraiser to donate books or clothing for children in need. You can also ask volunteers to offer free tutoring for these children.
- In areas with unequal access to healthcare, ask local doctors if they would be willing to offer their services for free for people with no health insurance.
EditEncouraging Inclusion at a School or University - Volunteer at your school or university's office of diversity and inclusion. This office can keep you up to date on events on campus. They can also present unique opportunities for getting involved with diversity, equality, and inclusion campaigns on your campus.[6]
- You can also reach out to a campus women's center, LGBTQ center, student accessibility services, campus health, or counseling and psychological services.
- Ask the office if you can help volunteer at an event or help out in the office. Some offices may even have work study gigs for students.
- Join a social justice club. These organizations host events, invite speakers, and campaign for specific social issues. Some types of social justice clubs include multicultural associations, LGBTQ support networks, and volunteer groups.[7]
- If there is not already a social justice club at your school or university, why not start your own? Talk to your administration or your office of student activities to learn what you need to do.
- Host events that create awareness. To bring awareness to the wider campus community, set up some free events for students. Involve other students, professors, and community members to create an inclusive space. Free food can entice other students to come. Some great event ideas include:[8]
- Cultural fair: celebrate holidays from different religions, hold a food festival with cuisine around the world, or showcase various forms of dance.
- Gender neutral writing workshop: teach students how to write in gender neutral ways and how to eliminate gender biases in writing.
- Open mic nights: invite students from a wide range of backgrounds to tell stories, sing songs, or recite poetry about their unique experiences.
- Public lectures: ask scholars, civil rights leaders, and community leaders to talk about how others can help promote this cause.
- Networking events for marginalized groups: ask business leaders and professors to meet with students. Students can workshop their resumes or find jobs through this network.
- Encourage friends to take sensitivity training. Your university may offer various extracurricular training programs to teach allies how to help certain groups adjust and navigate academic life. Some programs that may be available at your university include:
- HAVEN Training for helping people who have experienced sexual assault
- Safe Zone Training for supporting LGBT students
- Green Zone Training to help military veterans transition into academic life.
- Disability awareness training to provide helpful assistance and access for students with disabilities.
- Create safe spaces on your campus. A safe space allows students to discuss their experiences without judgment or criticism. You can create a general safe space for students or make specific spaces for students struggling with their sexuality, sexual harassment, racism, or mental health issues.[9]
- Campus safe spaces can usually be found in the office of diversity and inclusion, women's centers, counseling offices, and other inclusive administrative offices.
- Create your own safe space by booking a room through your campus administration or department. Hold an open invitation for students facing specific challenges to talk about their experiences.
- Remind allies that the safe space is a place for others to express their challenges. They may not be looking for advice or sympathy. Ask allies to listen, not to talk.
EditPromoting an Equitable and Diverse Workplace - Explain the importance of diversity, equality, and inclusion in the workplace. Some people may resist new policies for inclusion or diversity in the workplace. When raising awareness of this issue, remind employees and employers of the benefits of a diverse and inclusive workplace.[10]
- Benefits of diversity and inclusion in the workplace include higher productivity, higher employee satisfaction, and happier customers.
- You might say, "I think it is important to have more diversity in our office. It's been shown that diverse workplaces are more efficient, and their employees are happier."
- Institute policies regarding equal access and discrimination. A set of rules regarding discrimination and equality are important to make sure that everyone knows how they are expected to act. Talk to your boss, human resources (HR), or coworkers about instituting new inclusive policies.[11]
- Establish a no discrimination policy in the workplace. Remind employees that no one can be discriminated against for their race, gender, religion, ethnicity, or sexual orientation. Post this policy in a public place, such as a break room or near the printers.
- Make sure that all employees know how to report discrimination in the workplace. Employees who violate the policy may require sensitivity training or disciplinary action.
- If your company provides health insurance, make sure that it includes policies for a wide range of conditions. Inclusive policies are ones that offer birth control, STD testing, and a wide range of medical conditions.
- Encourage inclusive hiring practices. Diversity and inclusion begins during the hiring process. Encouraging a more diverse pool of applicants will make your workplace a more inclusive place. Some ways you create an inclusive hiring process include:[12]
- Write job advertisements with broad qualifications to allow a more diverse set of applicants.
- Avoid gendered language in your job advertisement. Instead of using "he" or "she," say "the applicant" or "they."
- Advertise your diversity and inclusion policies, including any non-discrimination rules, in your job advertisement. Emphasize that you do not discriminate based on gender, race, religion, ethnicity, or disability.
- Make sure that the interviewers represent a diverse sample from your workplace. Ask broad, open-ended questions. Avoid questions about the applicant's personal life, such as their religion, marital or relationship status, or children.
- Ask HR to give a cultural sensitivity training workshop. For your next seminar, training session, or networking event, why not cover inclusion and diversity? These workshops can focus on a variety of issues, such as sexual harassment, cultural diversity, mental health, or equal access.[13]
- Your HR department can run this themselves by using exercises, courses, and pamphlets found on the internet. They can also hire an outside consultation firm to run the session for them.
- If your business is small or doesn't have an HR department, talk to your boss. Emphasize how cultural training can strengthen your organization as a whole.
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| How to Treat a Urinary Tract Infection Posted: 17 May 2018 05:00 PM PDT You don't really think much about the importance of your urinary tract when you go to the bathroom. However, when you have a urinary tract infection (UTI), you probably have a hard time thinking about anything else. Since men and women with UTIs need antibiotics, you'll need to get an exam, dipstick urinalysis, and prescription. Then you can use natural methods to relieve the UTI pain at home and prevent it from coming back. EditGetting Medical Treatment - Pay attention to pain when you urinate or to changes in your urine. If bacteria in your urethra and bladder are causing an infection, you'll begin to experience pain or difficulty urinating. You might feel like you frequently need to urinate, but little or no urine comes out. Other signs of a urinary tract infection (UTI) include:[1]
- Burning sensation when you urinate
- Pain or aching in your abdomen
- Cloudy, unusually colored (dark yellow or greenish), or smelly urine
- Feeling tired or sick
- Get emergency medical attention if you have a kidney or prostate infection. If you've had signs of a UTI for several days or weeks without getting treatment, the infection can travel to your kidneys. If you're a man with an untreated UTI, it can spread to your prostate. If you experience these signs of a kidney or prostate infection, go to an urgent care clinic or get emergency medical attention:[2]
- Pain in the sides or low back
- Fever or chills
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Pain when urinating
- Get a medical examination as soon as you can. Contact your doctor if you show any signs of a UTI. The doctor will get your medical history and ask about your symptoms. They'll also collect a sample of urine to test for bacteria in order to diagnose your UTI and determine treatment.[3]
- The doctor may do a rectal exam, if they believe your prostate could be infected.
- The doctor may do a pelvic exam if there is a discharge coming from your vagina that has an odor. This will help them to rule out a cervical infection.[4]
- If you've had several UTIs or a complicated infection, the doctor might order images of your urinary tract to rule out kidney stones or blockages.
- Take the full course of prescription antibiotics. Your doctor will prescribe antibiotics to treat the bacteria causing your UTI. Follow the dosing instructions and don't stop taking the medication even once your symptoms start to improve. It's important to take the full course so the bacteria doesn't return.[5]
- Ask your doctor about any side effects of the antibiotics and whether you should avoid drinking alcohol during treatment.
- If you have a history of vaginitis, ask your doctor about yeast infection prevention with a combination of antibiotics and antifungal medication.
- Call your doctor if you don't notice improvements within 2 days. You should begin feeling relief after taking antibiotics for a day or two, but contact the doctor if you don't. You may need an adjustment to your medication or the infection may be caused by something else and require different treatment.[6]
EditRelieving Discomfort - Take over-the-counter (OTC) pain relief for fever and pain. You may want to take OTC pain relief for the first day or two of treatment until the antibiotics take effect. These can make urinating more comfortable and relieve your fever.[7]
- Avoid taking ibuprofen or aspirin if you have a kidney infection, because these can cause complications.
- Do not take pyridium or phenazopyridine until after you have seen your doctor. These oral pain medications are available over-the-counter as treatment for a UTI, but they can color your urine orange and this will invalidate the results of your test.
- Increase your fluid intake. Both during a UTI and after, you need lots of fluids to flush out the infection and to keep you hydrated. Drinking at least 6 to 8 8-ounce (236 ml) glasses of fluids a day. You can drink water, herbal or decaf tea, or water with lemon.[8]
- While cranberry juice has long been thought to treat or prevent UTIs, research has shown that it's an ineffective treatment and there's little evidence that it prevents UTIs.[9]
- Avoid alcohol, sugary drinks, and caffeine, which can irritate your bladder.
- Place a heating pad over your pelvic area. Put the heating pad or a hot water bottle on your lower abdomen, back, or between your thighs. The gentle heat may provide some pain relief.[10]
- Urinate when you feel like you need to. Avoid holding your urine even if it still hurts to urinate. Urinating when you need to will help flush the bacteria out of your urinary tract. Drinking lots of fluids will dilute the urine so it doesn't sting as much when you urinate.[11]
- Soak in a warm vinegar or baking soda bath. Fill a tub with warm water and pour in of white vinegar or 2 ounces (60 ml) of baking soda (if you haven't reached puberty). The vinegar or baking soda water can relieve pain and remove germs near the entrance to the urinary tract.[12]
- If you don't have a tub, you can fill a small sitz bath. Sit in the sitz bath so bottom is submerged in the vinegar or baking soda water. Keep in mind that you'll only need to add a few tablespoons of vinegar or baking soda for a small sitz bath.
EditPreventing UTIs from Returning - Urinate frequently to prevent a bladder infection. Make sure that you are taking in enough fluids to urinate frequently and always urinate as soon as you feel like you need to. Urinating flushes germs from your urinary tract system, which can speed up healing time for a UTI or prevent bladder infections in the first place.[13]
- Learn forward slightly when you've finished urinating to ensure that your bladder is completely empty.
- Urinate after sexual intercourse. Because sex can introduce germs to the entrance of your urinary tract, it's important to urinate right after sex. Don't lay in bed and wait to go or bacteria will have a better chance of traveling through your urinary tract.[14]
- Take showers instead of baths. If you've washed yourself and the bathwater becomes dirty, soaking in the bath can introduce bacteria to the entrance of your urinary tract. You should also avoid sitting around in wet bathing suits or a hot tub. When you shower, avoid using heavily fragranced soaps, cleansers, sprays, or douches.[15]
- You should also avoid using scented feminine hygiene problems because these can irritate your urinary tract.
- Wipe from front to back after you use the toilet. Avoid using the same paper to wipe towards the front. Instead, wipe from front to back so you don't introduce germs into the urethral opening. Discard the wiping paper after each wipe. Remember to wash your hands to prevent UTIs and spreading other illnesses.[16]
- If your hands get dirtied with fecal matter, wash them before wiping again (it is fecal bacteria, E. coli that is the culprit in 80 to 95 percent of UTIs).
- Wear loose cotton underwear. To keep the genital area dry, wear cotton underwear that won't trap moisture. Choose underwear that's loose and won't chafe against your genitals. For example, choose loose boxers instead of briefs.[17]
- It's important to change your underwear every day to prevent germs from traveling to your urinary tract.
- Drink 250 mL (1 cup) of cranberry juice 3 times daily. Drinking cranberry juice regularly can help to prevent UTIs in women who have them frequently. You can also take cranberry in the form of a 400 mg tablet once per day.[18]
- Over-the-counter UTI products are usually test strips or analgesics. While these can help determine if you have a UTI and relieve pain, they won't treat the cause of the infection.
- Avoid drinking diluted baking soda for your UTI since it's not an effective treatment and can cause toxic overdose when misused.[19]
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| How to Make a Paper Cocktail Umbrella Posted: 17 May 2018 09:00 AM PDT Cocktail umbrellas are a great way to bring a tropical theme to any drink. They can be difficult to find, but luckily, they are easy to make. While they won't open and close like the store-bought umbrellas, you will be able to choose the exact color and pattern you want. EditMaking a Simple Umbrella - Choose some colorful paper for your umbrella. Solid-colored cardstock or construction paper would work great for this, but you can also use patterned scrapbooking paper as well. Another option is to use wrapping paper.
- If you want a traditional cocktail umbrella pattern, print the templates included at the bottom of this tutorial.
- Cut a circle out of the paper. Use a pencil to trace the circle onto the back of the paper. Cut the circle out with scissors, then erase any pencil marks.[1]
- Use a glass, can, or small lid to trace your circle. A compass will also work.
- The measurement does not have to be exact; is just the most common size.
- Cut a slit going towards the middle of the circle. Find the middle of the circle, either by measuring it or drawing an X across the back. Cut a slit going from the outer edge of the circle to the middle.[2]
- Don't fold the circle to find the middle; you don't want any creases in this design.
- Overlap the cut edges to form a shallow cone. Take the edges of the slit, then overlap them until the paper starts to form a cone shape. You want to create a shallow cone, so something between would be ideal.
- Secure the cone with tape or glue. A small amount of tacky glue would work the best, but you will have to wait for it to dry. You can also use a glue stick instead. A strip of tape is another option, but you'll have to put it inside the cone so that it won't be visible.[3]
- If you are using glue, use a clothespin to hold the cone in place until the glue dries.
- Hot glue the cone to a skewer or toothpick. Flip the cone over so that you can see the inside, then place a drop of hot glue into the middle. Quickly press the end of a toothpick or a skewer into the glue, then wait a few minutes for it to set.[4]
- Most skewers will be too long for cocktail umbrellas. It would be a good idea to cut yours a little shorter.
- If you don't want to use glue, just poke the end of the toothpick or skewer through the paper.[5]
EditMaking a Fancy Umbrella - Choose colorful paper for your umbrella. Patterned scrapbooking paper is a great choice for this, but you can also use cardstock, construction paper, or even wrapping paper. Another option is to print the templates included at the end of this tutorial.
- Tissue paper may work with this method, but only if you add the toothpick spokes.
- Trace a circle onto the back of the paper. The circle doesn't have to be exactly this size; is simply the most common size. Use a coaster or glass to make the circle nice and neat.[6]
- Use a pencil to trace the circle so that you can erase the marks later.
- Cut the circle out with scissors. You can also use a craft blade if you are careful. Alternatively, you can use scissors with a scalloped edge to cut the circle out. This will give you a fancier edge.[7]
- If you use scissors with a scalloped edge, you won't have to cut scallops later on. Keep in mind that these scallops won't match up with the creases you'll add later.
- Fold the circle into eighths. Rather than folding the circle all at once, make each crease separately. Fold the circle in half vertically, then unfold it. Next, fold the circle in half horizontally, then unfold it. Keep folding and unfolding until you have 8 segments.[8]
- Make all of the folds on the same side. If your paper is blank on 1 side, make the folds on the blank side.
- Run your fingernail across each fold to make the crease nice and sharp.
- Cut a scalloped edge into the circle. Fold the circle into eighths using the original creases as a guide. Once you have a skinny triangle, cut a semi-oval or semi-almond shape into the curved edge. Unfold the circle to reveal a scalloped edge.[9]
- If you used scalloping shears earlier, then you don't have to do this.
- Cut a slit along 1 of the creases towards the middle of the circle. The slit needs to go from the outer edge of the circle all the way to the middle. Use 1 of the creases as a guide.[10]
- You should use a regular pair of scissors for this, even if you used a scalloped pair in the previous step.
- Overlap the cut edges, then secure them with tape or glue. Cover the top of the left segment with glue or a piece of double-sided tape. Overlap the right segment onto it, then press it down. Make sure that the cut edges of both segments align with the adjacent creases.[11]
- Your umbrella will have 7 segments after this.
- You can use tacky glue or a glue stick for this. If you are using tissue paper, however, a glue stick will work the best.
- Cut toothpicks into spokes, then glue them to the umbrella, if desired. Cut both ends off of 8 toothpicks until they are a little longer than the radius of the umbrella. Glue the toothpicks to the creases on the underside of the umbrella.[12]
- The ends of the toothpicks should stick out from under the umbrella, just like real umbrella spokes.
- Use tacky glue or super glue for this. Hot glue is too thick.
- Glue a toothpick or skewer to the middle of the umbrella. Cut the tip off of a toothpick or skewer until you get the length you want. Flip the umbrella over, then place a drop of hot glue or tacky glue into the middle. Press the cut end of your toothpick or skewer into the glue.
- If you did not add the wooden spokes, you can just poke the toothpick or skewer through the paper.
- If you used tacky glue, stand the umbrella upright and stick it into a ball of clay or poster putty until it dries.[13]
EditPrintable Paper Umbrellas - If you don't plan on serving the umbrella with food, consider painting the toothpick or skewer.
- A great alternative to using a toothpick or skewer is a lollipop stick; you can buy them in the baking section of a craft store.
- Plain, wooden toothpicks would work just fine, but you can use colored ones too. Match the colors to the color of your umbrella for a nicer touch.
- If your toothpick has a cellophane trim, poke it through the top of the umbrella so that the cellophane is on top.
EditThings You'll Need EditMaking a Simple Umbrella - Colored paper
- Pencil
- Scissors
- Tape or glue
- Toothpick
EditMaking a Fancy Umbrella - Colored paper
- Pencil
- Scissors
- Tape or glue
- Toothpicks
- Hot glue
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