| How to Do Fractions Posted: 04 Jun 2021 01:00 AM PDT Fractions represent how many parts of a whole you have, which makes them useful for taking measurements or calculating precise values. Fractions can be a difficult concept to learn since they have special terms and rules for using them in equations. Once you understand the parts of a fraction, practice doing addition and subtraction problems with them. When you know how to add and subtract fractions, you can move on to trying multiplication and division with fractions. [Edit]Understanding Fractions - Identify the numerator and denominator. The top number of a fraction is known as the numerator and represents how many parts of the whole you have. The bottom number of the fraction is the denominator, which is the number of parts that would equal the whole. If the numerator is smaller than the denominator, then it is a proper fraction. If the numerator was greater than the denominator, then the fraction is improper.[1]
- For example, in the fraction ½, the 1 is the numerator and 2 is the denominator.
- You can also write fractions on a single line, like 4/5. The number on the left is always the numerator and the number on the right is the denominator.
- Know fractions are equal if you multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number. Equivalent fractions are the same amount but written with different numerators and denominators. If you want to make a fraction that's equivalent to the one you have, multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number and write the result as your new fraction.[2]
- For example, if you want to make an equivalent fraction to 3/5, you can multiply both numbers by 2 to make the fraction 6/10.
- In a real-world example, if you have 2 equal slices of pizza and you cut one of them in half, the two halves are still the same amount as the other full slice.
- Simplify fractions by dividing the numerator and denominator by a common multiple. Many times, you'll be asked to write a fraction in its simplest terms. If you have larger numbers in the numerator and denominator, look for a common factor that each number shares. Divide the numerator and denominator separately by the factor you found to reduce the fraction to an easier number to read.[3]
- For example, if you have the fraction 2/8, both the numerator and denominator are divisible by 2. Divide each number by 2 to get 2/8 = 1/4.
- Convert improper fractions to mixed numbers if the numerator is greater than the denominator. Improper fractions are when the numerator is larger than the denominator. To simplify an improper fraction, divide the numerator by the denominator to find a whole number and a remainder. Write the whole number first, and then make a new fraction where the numerator is the remainder you found and the denominator is the same.[4]
- For example, if you want to simplify 7/3, divide 7 by 3 to get the answer 2 with a remainder of 1. Your new mixed number will look like 2 ⅓.
- Change mixed numbers into fractions when you need to use them in equations. When you want to use a mixed number in an equation, it's easiest to change it back to an improper fraction so you can easily do the math. To convert the mixed number back to a fraction, multiply the whole number by the denominator. Add the result to the numerator to finish your equation.[5]
- For example, if you want to convert 5 ¾ to an improper fraction, multiply 5 x 4 = 20. Add 20 to the numerator to get the fraction 23/4.
[Edit]Adding and Subtracting Fractions - Add or subtract just the numerators if the denominators are the same. If the values for all the denominators in the equation are the same, only add or subtract the numerators. Rewrite the equation so the numerators are added or subtracted in parentheses over the denominator. Solve for the numerator and simplify the fraction if you're able to.[6]
- For example, if you wanted to solve 3/5 + 1/5, rewrite the equation as (3+1)/5 = 4/5.
- If you want to solve 5/6 - 2/6, write it as (5-2)/6 = 3/6. Both the numerator and denominator are divisible by 3, so you can simplify the fraction to 1/2.
- If you have mixed numbers, remember to change them to improper fractions first. For example, if you want to solve 2 ⅓ + 1 ⅓, change the mixed numbers so the problem reads 7/3 + 4/3. Rewrite the equation like (7 + 4)/3 = 11/3. Then convert it back to a mixed number, which would be 3 ⅔.
- Find a common multiple for the denominators if they're different. Many times, you'll encounter problems where the denominators are different. In order to solve the problem, the denominators need to be the same or else you'll do your math incorrectly. List the multiples of each denominator until you find one that the numbers have in common. If you still can't find a common multiple, then multiply the denominators together to find a common multiple.[7]
- For example, if you want to solve 1/6 + 2/4, list the multiples of 6 and 4.
- Multiples of 6: 0, 6, 12, 18…
- Multiples of 4: 0, 4, 8, 12, 16…
- The least common multiple of 6 and 4 is 12.
- Make equivalent fractions so the denominators are the same. Multiply the numerator and denominator of the first fraction in the equation by the multiple needed so the denominator equals the common multiple. Then do the same for the second fraction in the equation with the factor that makes its denominator is the common multiple.[8]
- In the example 1/6 + 2/4, multiply the numerator and denominator of 1/6 by 2 to get 2/12. Then multiply both numbers of 2/4 by 3 to equal 6/12.
- Rewrite the equation as 2/12 + 6/12.
- Solve the equation as you normally would. Once you have the denominators at the same value, add the numerators together as you normally would to get your result. If you can simplify the fraction, then reduce it to its lowest terms.[9]
- For example, rewrite 2/12 +6/12 as (2+6)/12 = 8/12.
- Simplify your answer by dividing the numerator and denominator by 4 to get a final answer of ⅔.
[Edit]Multiplying and Dividing Fractions - Multiply the numerators and denominators separately to find the product. When you want to multiply fractions, multiply the 2 numerators together first and write it on top. Then multiply the denominators together and write it on the bottom of the fraction. Simplify your answer if you can so it is in the lowest terms.[10]
- For example, if you want to solve 4/5 x 1/2, multiply the numerators for 4 x 1 = 4.
- Then multiply the denominators for 5 x 2 = 10.
- Write the new fraction 4/10 and simplify it by dividing the numerator and denominator by 2 to get the final answer of 2/5.
- As another example, the problem 2 ½ x 3 ½ = 5/2 x 7/2 = (5 x 7)/(2 x 2) = 35/4 = 8 ¾.
- Flip the numerator and denominator for the second fraction in a division problem. When you divide by a fraction, you actually use the inverse of the second number, which is also known as the reciprocal. To find the reciprocal of a fraction, simply flip the numerator and denominator to switch the numbers.[11]
- For example, the reciprocal of 3/8 is 8/3.
- Convert a mixed number into an improper fraction before taking the reciprocal. For example, 2 ⅓ converts to 7/3 and the reciprocal is 3/7.
- Multiply the first fraction by the second fraction's reciprocal to find the quotient. Set up your original problem as a multiplication problem, but change the second fraction to its reciprocal. Multiply the numerators together and then multiply the denominators together to find the answer to the problem. Reduce your fraction to the simplest terms if you're able to.[12]
- For example, if your original problem was 3/8 ÷ 4/5, first find the reciprocal of 4/5, which is 5/4.
- Rewrite your problem as multiplication with the reciprocal for 3/8 x 5/4.
- Multiply the numerators for 3 x 5 = 15.
- Multiply the denominators for 8 x 4 = 32.
- Write the new fraction 15/32.
- Always simplify your answers to the lowest terms so they're easy to read.
- Many calculators allow you to do fraction functions on them if you have trouble doing them on paper.
- Remember to never add or subtract denominators.
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| How to Grow Fern Indoors Posted: 03 Jun 2021 05:00 PM PDT If you're looking for a large, foliage-rich houseplant, a fern is the right choice for you. With so many different species and varieties, you can pick any fern under the sun! Keeping ferns happy and healthy indoors isn't tough, especially if you take note of their water, sunlight, and soil needs. [Edit]Pick a pot slightly larger than the fern's root mass. - You'll want a plastic or clay pot with a drainage hole at the bottom. Ideally, your fern should have about of extra space. Measure your fern's root mass and pick a pot just a little bit bigger than that. You'll need to size up your pots as your fern gets bigger, so plan on making a few purchases over time.[1]
- While it's often thought that a larger pot will give room for a small plant to grow, that's actually not the case. Planting your fern in a pot that's too large can cause the roots to get waterlogged.
- If you find a pot that you love but it doesn't have a drainage hole, use a drill with a masonry bit to make a hole dead center in the bottom of the pot.
[Edit]Fill the pot with organic soil containing peat moss. - Look for a light, well-draining potting soil. Make sure it's heavy on the peat moss, since that's what will give your ferns a lot of nutrients. You can find great potting soil at most garden supply stores.[2]
- Ferns don't need a ton of extra maintenance, so there's no need to mix in compost or fertilizer before potting.
[Edit]Water your fern when the top of the soil is dry. - Different fern species have different water needs. Most need to stay consistently moist to grow well. A good rule of thumb is to feel the soil before watering: if the soil is dry, it needs more water. If the soil is still wet, don't water it just yet.[3]
- Boston Ferns need water whenever the soil gets dry, while Maidenhair and Button Ferns need to be watered every day. If you aren't sure about your fern type, try looking up the specific species you have.
[Edit]Keep the temperature between . - Ferns prefer moderate temperatures that don't fluctuate often. During the day time, try to keep your home around . At night, you can turn the temperature down to as low as .[4]
- If your home is consistently on the warmer side, you may need to water your fern more often.
[Edit]Use a humidifier to keep the humidity above 50%. - Ferns are tropical plants, so they prefer high humidity. Set up a humidifier near your fern so it can get the moisture that it needs throughout the day. You can also add moisture to your ferns by placing the pots in a tray filled with gravel. Pour about of water into the tray and refill it whenever it dries out.[5]
[Edit]Place the fern in an east-facing window. - Direct sunlight can dry out your fern. An ideal spot for your fern is near an east-facing window; if that's not an option, you can place it a few feet away from a west- or south-facing window instead. If you notice the leaves on your fern turning brown or dying, they might be getting too much sun.[6]
- You can filter the light from your windows with blinds, curtains, or outdoor foliage.
[Edit]Fertilize your fern during the winter. - Use a liquid houseplant fertilizer to encourage winter growth. Take a look at the bottle to see what the dosage recommendation is, then use about half of that amount. During the fall, summer, and spring, ferns don't need to be fertilized.[7]
- If you've planted or repotted your fern within the last 6 months, don't fertilize it just yet.
- When in doubt, go easy on the fertilizer. Adding too much can kill your ferns.
[Edit]Spray pests off your fern with water. - Scale, mealybugs, and spider mites are common fern pests. If you notice them, you can either pick them off by hand or blast the leaves with some water to remove them. If the pests are still a problem, try dipping a cotton swab in rubbing alcohol, then carefully wiping down the leaves of your fern.[8]
- If you notice fungus or fungal mites on the base of your plant, you might be watering your fern too much. Waterlogged roots can cause rot, which attracts fungus and fungal pests.
[Edit]Divide and repot your fern every 2 or 3 years. - Your fern will outgrow its original pot that you planted it in. When you notice that growth has stopped, carefully uproot your fern and use a sharp knife to divide the root mass into 2 or 3 bundles. Give each bundle its own pot, picking one that's about larger than the root mass.[9]
- You can also transplant your fern outside once it gets too large for its pot.
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| How to Start an eBusiness Posted: 03 Jun 2021 09:00 AM PDT If you want to be your own boss and you have a great idea for a marketable product or service, starting your own e-business might be the right call. But what do you do first? And how can you improve your odds of success? This wikiHow article answers several questions like these, so read on to see if e-business is the right business for you! [Edit]How do I get started? - Research eBusiness models and strategies before you dive in. Yes, you can easily put items up for sale on eBay or Etsy and run a no-frills eBusiness in no time. If your goal is to create a sustainable, scalable eBusiness, however, it pays to do your homework first! Get a clear idea of what you want to sell, then look into the most efficient and profitable ways to make, sell, and deliver your products or services. Some basic questions to ask yourself include:[1]
- Do I want to focus on one or a few products/services or offer a wider range?
- Do I want to create my own eStore or sell through existing retailers?
- Do I want to produce and ship what I sell or run a drop shipping business?
- Who are my customers? My competitors?
- Do I want this to be a side job or grow into something bigger?
- Which business model(s) suit my plans and goals?
[Edit]What eBusiness models are there? - The 4 basic models include B2C, B2B, C2C, and C2B. The Business-to-Consumer (B2C) model is the most similar to the typical brick-and-mortar business model: your eBusiness sells your products or services directly to your consumers. But many successful e-business operate on one or more of the other 3 models, so they're definitely worth considering:[2]
- Business-to-Business (B2B): Your business sells your products or services to other businesses, which (in most cases) turn around and sell them to consumers.
- Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C): In this case, you are both buyer and seller in interactions with other buyers/sellers, most commonly on intermediary sites like eBay or Craigslist.
- Consumer-to-Business (C2B): This typically refers to influencers on sites like YouTube or Instagram. As the influencer/consumer, you market your connections to your audience (followers/subscribers) to businesses.
[Edit]What should I sell? - Consider selling niche products that interested customers will seek out. Avoid trying to compete directly against eBusiness giants by selling a wide range of products. Instead, focus on selling handmade or niche products that draw in customers looking for those specific things. This is a great way to start small but leave yourself avenues for expansion over time.[3]
- For example, say you're skilled at crafting miniature figurines and decor. Instead of trying to market a wide array of items related to this field, consider setting up a shop on Etsy that sells miniature decor for fairy gardens!
- While it's fun to dream of coming up with the "next big thing" that makes you an eBusiness titan, focus first on marketing the talents, interests, and products or services you have right now.
- Look into marketing your own expertise instead of selling stuff. You might be your own best business idea! For example, if you have skills in web design or search engine optimization (SEO), you can market those skills to businesses. Or, you might offer services as a tutor, technical writer, resume writer, small business consultant, or social media consultant on freelancer sites such as Guru.[4]
[Edit]What can I do to attract customers? - Make it easy for them to find, buy, repeat buy, and tout what you sell. Many traditional business strategies, like coupons and loyalty programs, also work well for e-businesses. That said, it's important to adapt the strategies you use so that they suit your eBusiness model. Overall, aim to make the customer experience as easy and seamless as possible with strategies like the following:[5]
- Highlighting new or especially relevant products.
- Offering convenient and secure payment options.
- Offering coupons and other discounts.
- Setting up a customer loyalty program.
- Providing free or discounted shipping and returns.
- Highlighting positive customer reviews.
[Edit]How do I write a business plan? - Draw up well-researched summaries of your current situation and future goals. Spend some time looking over reliable online articles that provide tips and templates for writing a business plan, especially for an online business. Then, take some more time to research, analyze, and just plain think about your business—as it is today and what you plan for it to become. While there's some room for variations, good business plans often contain the following sections:[6]
- Executive summary: a one-page summary of your overall vision for the business. Put this first but write it last.
- General company description: a quick overview of your business.
- Products and services: a detailed description of what your business offers.
- Marketing plan: a concrete description of how you'll reach your customers.
- Operational plan: an overview of your business' day-to-day operations.
- Management and organization: a nuts-and-bolts breakdown of your business' structure.
- Financial plan: a clear breakdown of your current situation and future needs.
[Edit]Do I need to be highly tech savvy? - Not really—you can get by with just a computer and some basic web skills. If you have the tech skills to shop on sites like Amazon and Etsy, you can handle setting up a seller site on them as well. Likewise, there are a wide range of affordable web hosting platforms (such as Dreamhost and SiteGround) that make it easy to set up your own eBusiness website.[7] Or, if you have the funds, you might decide to just purchase an existing eBusiness operation![8]
- Sure, you can build your eBusiness operation from the ground up, website and all, if you have those skills. However, you'll likely find it's worth your time and money to hire freelancers to handle areas like graphic design, coding, search engine development, content creation, and so on.
[Edit]How much does it cost? - Startup costs can range from a few hundred to thousands of dollars monthly. It's not very satisfying to answer this question with "it depends"—but unfortunately it's the truth! If you run a solo operation, build a small website for free on an option like WordPress, and either provide services or use drop-shipping for products, your costs may be extremely low. However, if you build a ground-up site, pay vendors for services like marketing and payment processing, and hire any employees, your startup costs can increase rapidly.[9]
- Consider "testing the waters" with a less expensive setup instead of going all-in right from the start. See if there's a market for what you're selling and room for growth.
[Edit]Do I need to form an LLC? - Not if you're a sole proprietor, but you might want to form one regardless. In the U.S. at least, forming a limited liability company (LLC) adds some more government red tape to your operations, but also offers greater liability protection for your personal assets (as opposed to the LLC's assets). While laws vary by state in the U.S., you'll probably have to form an LLC if your business includes any additional members or managers. Check the website for the Secretary of State in your state to get details on the registration process and related requirements.[10]
- If you don't have any co-members or managers, you can usually operate your business as a sole proprietorship. You'll save some money, and some time on paperwork, but this also means that your personal assets are exposed to liability for your business. So it may make sense to form an LLC right from the start, especially if you plan to grow your business.
- The rules and terminology are probably different if you're outside the U.S. Inquire with your relevant government agency or consult with a business attorney.
[Edit]Are eBusinesses profitable? - They can be, especially if you limit your competitors by finding your niche. While eBusiness competition—from both big and small players—can be fierce, you may find a path to profit by exploiting gaps in the market. If you sell products or services that customers are willing and able to seek out, and provide an exceptional customer experience, you'll have a better chance of achieving profitability.[11]
- Somewhere around 80%-90% of eBusinesses fail within around 4-6 months, which is higher than the failure rate for brick-and-mortar businesses. This doesn't mean you should immediately give up your dream of building a successful and profitable eBusiness; but it does mean you should accept the challenge with your eyes wide open.[12]
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