| How to Cite Wikipedia Posted: 16 Sep 2018 01:00 AM PDT This wikiHow teaches you how to create a proper citation for a Wikipedia article. The easiest way to do this is by using Wikipedia's built-in citation generator that links to the version of the page you're viewing, though you can also cite by hand if necessary. Before using Wikipedia for research, check with your teacher, professor, or editor to make sure that they will accept a wiki as a reputable source. EditUsing the Wikipedia Citation Generator - Open the article you're citing. Go to the Wikipedia page for the article that you want to cite.
- Click . This link is in the "Tools" section of the column of options that's on the left side of the page.
- Find your citation style. Scroll through the list of blue citation headers until you find your preferred citation style (e.g., "APA style"). The citation will be listed below the style heading.
- Select the whole citation. Click and drag your mouse from left to right across the entire citation below the style heading.
- Copy the citation. Once the whole citation is highlighted, press either (Windows) or (Mac).
- Open a rich-text editor. "Rich-text" just refers to the ability to maintain formatting (e.g., italics) when pasting in content; common rich-text editors include Microsoft Word, Apple Pages, and Google Documents.
- You can also just double-click the document to which you want to add the citation if the document is a Word document or similar.
- Paste in your citation. Once you've opened the rich-text editor (or your document), press either (Windows) or (Mac) to paste in the citation as it appeared on Wikipedia. The citation will appear in the editor.
EditUsing APA Style - Start your entry with the Wikipedia entry title. When citing Wikipedia in APA style, first list the name of the article. You do not need to use quotes or italics. Simply write down the article's title followed by a period. For example, if you were citing an article on Jimmy Carter the beginning your citation would look like this: Jimmy Carter.[1]
- If you want to lead with an author's name, Wikipedia suggests using "Wikipedia contributors" as the name.
- Include the date, if available. In APA style, it's customary to include the date an online source was published or last modified. The date of the last revision is at the bottom of the Wikipedia page; if you cannot find the date, you can simply write "n.d." in parenthesis after the entry title. After the date, add a period.[2]
- Returning to our example, your citation would look like this: Jimmy Carter. (n.d.).
- Write the words "In Wikipedia". In APA style, it's customary to mention where you found an electronic source. When citing Wikipedia, you would write "In Wikipedia," italicizing the word "Wikipedia", and then add a period.
- Our citation should read as follows: Jimmy Carter. (n.d.). In Wikipedia.
- Follow with the retrieval date. This is the date on which you accessed the information. Use the word "Retrieved" and then write the date. In APA style, the date is written "Month Date, Year." For example, if you retrieved your source on the 15th of October in 2015, you would write, "October 15, 2015." Add a comma after the date.[3]
- To illustrate, here is what our example would look like so far: Jimmy Carter. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved October 15, 2015,
- End with the URL. After the comma at the end of the date, write "from" and then include the full URL of the Wikipedia page. In our example, our final citation would read as follows:
EditUsing MLA Style - Begin with the article title. In MLA style, you would usually begin an online citation with the author's name. As Wikipedia articles do not have authors, you would simply skip to the article name. Put this in quotations and include a period inside the quotations. Using Jimmy Carter as an example again, you would start your article with "Jimmy Carter."[4]
- If you want to lead with an author's name, Wikipedia suggests using "Wikipedia contributors" as the name.
- Add the larger source. MLA style dictates you must include the larger source from which you found the article. If you pulled an article from the New York Times, you would write New York Times in italics after the article name. As you pulled your article from Wikipedia, you simply need to write Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Follow with a period. Using our example, our citation would not read as follows:
- "Jimmy Carter." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.
- Include the publisher. In MLA style, you're supposed to include the publisher. When working with online sources, this information is not always known. However, when working with Wikipedia, it's appropriate to write "Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia" as the publisher. Follow with a comma. Our example would now read:
- "Jimmy Carter." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.
- Add the date of publication, if possible. You should usually include the date of an online publication. You can find the date of the last revision at the bottom of the page. Write the day, the abbreviated month, and then the year. Using our example, we would now have the following citation:
- "Jimmy Carter." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, 25 Sept. 2014.
- You may find that it's best to simply write "n.p." to indicate the publication date is unknown.[5]
- Add the publication type. In this case, you'll type after the date. Your citation should now read as follows:
- "Jimmy Carter." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, 25 Sept. 2014. Web.
- End with the date you found the source. In MLA style, you would end citing a web source by listing the date you accessed the information. In MLA style, you write the date, then the month, then the year. You do not use commas, but you do abbreviate the month to three letters and end it with a period; for example, if you accessed the article on February 2nd, 2016 you would write "2 Feb. 2016." Our final citation would read like this:[6]
- "Jimmy Carter." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, 25 Sept. 2014. Web. 2 Feb. 2016.
- Wikipedia articles generally provide a list of citations at the bottom of the page. These citations may be more reliable than Wikipedia itself as a source.
- You can follow the links in Wikipedia articles to verify that the links' information is presented accurately in the Wikipedia article.
- Watch for warnings on the top of a Wikipedia article. Articles are sometimes flagged if they're unreliable or poorly sourced. You should not use these articles in an academic paper.
- Make sure your professor or teacher is okay with Wikipedia as a source before citing it. Many educators consider Wikipedia unreliable and expressly forbid it in academic writing.
- Wikipedia does not guarantee accuracy, offer medical advice, offer legal advice, or contain censored content, and is provided as-is.
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| How to Develop Leaders Posted: 15 Sep 2018 05:00 PM PDT Developing leaders isn't an easy task. However, it's rewarding work, and it will benefit your team and company in the long run. Encourage your employees to gain a wide range of experience to help them learn different skills and how to get along with people. It's also important to help them learn leadership skills, like communication and trustworthiness. After helping your employees grow, make sure you're promoting the right people by picking the best person for the position you're filling. EditGiving Employees a Wide Range of Experience - Cross-train your employees to help them develop different skills. Cross-training just means training your employees to more than 1 job in your company. That could mean sending them to different departments or merely rotating them through different jobs in your area. Along the way, they'll pick up a variety of skills which can help them be a leader.[1]
- For instance, if you have an employee working in inventory, see if they'd like to learn about invoicing.
- This process teaches them to be adaptable and requires that they learn about all aspects of your company. Both of those qualities will make them better leaders.
- In addition, they'll need to learn to get along with a wide range of people across your company.
- Assign projects that will stretch your employees and help them grow. These projects should be just outside your employees' current skill levels, requiring that they push themselves to succeed at a more demanding task. Projects like these will help them realize they have the ability to tackle complicated and daunting projects on their own and that they may even be able to help others do it, too.[2]
- For instance, if you've been training your employee to create reports and you've been doing them together, have them write one on their own.
- Be ready to offer support when they need it. While you want them to grow, you don't want to meltdown because of a project that's too hard. Check in often to make sure they're doing okay.[3]
- They'll also grow their knowledge and experience level, both of which are valuable as a leader.
- Encourage your employees to find what they're passionate about. Passion should be a driving force in your work place. When your employees are passionate, they'll want to give you 110%, and passion is a great leadership quality. A single person who is passionate about a project can spur enthusiasm in others.[4]
- For example, if your employee comes to you with an idea about a new way to approach their work, let them try it out to see how it works.
- Don't be afraid to let your employees take risks and explore different aspects of their jobs. Giving them some room to grow can help them develop a passion for the job.
EditWorking on Communication Skills - Require frequent face-to-face meetings with your employees. Some employees will be better at communication than others, and these types of meetings will help develop communication skills in those who excel and in those who need some work. Ask them to check in with you about ongoing projects or to offer short overviews of what they're working on.[5]
- Aim for meetings at least once a week, as frequent practice will help improve your employees' communication skills.
- Train your employees in networking. Take your employees along to networking events, and encourage them to meet people and connect with others in the field. You can even set up events within your company so employees can get to know one another better and develop networking skills in a more sheltered environment.[6]
- Model good networking behavior by introducing employees to people you know and helping to get the conversation started.
- Throwing them into networking situations will help them learn how to navigate social situations at work, keep up contacts, and work on mutually beneficial relationships in the business world.
- Encourage employees to lead meetings and give presentations. As a leader, you have likely already learned these skills, but your developing leaders need to learn them, too. Start by modeling the behavior you'd like to see by inviting them to presentations and meetings you lead, then encourage employees to take over future meetings and presentations.[7]
- Practicing these skills will help your employees develop them over time.
- You can tap employees you'd think would do well or ask for volunteers.
EditDeveloping Other Leadership Skills - Value truth-telling to develop trustworthiness. Expect the truth from your employees at all times, but more importantly, don't punish them for telling the truth. If they come to you with a mistake, help them solve it instead of berating them for making it in the first place.[8]
- For instance, you could say, "Thank you for coming to me with that mistake. I appreciate your honesty. Let's figure out how to fix it for the moment, and then we can come up with a solution to help you not make the same mistake going forward."
- Leaders need to be trustworthy to get people to follow them. Plus, it takes integrity to be trustworthy, and integrity is also valuable as a leader.
- Give employees a voice in the company to help them take ownership. Encourage employees to offer input and suggestions, and give them serious consideration. When you implement an employee's idea, you're sending the message that you value their opinion and that they have a stake in the company.[9]
- For example, if you're considering changing up certain processes in your office, ask for employee input about how they could work better.
- As employees gain a feeling of ownership in the company, they'll be more willing to take on leadership roles.
- Model unassuming, unpretentious behavior. The best leaders are approachable, and arrogant people are less approachable. Modeling these behaviors for your employees will help them realize how valuable these skills are.[10]
- Try to come out from behind your desk when employees come in to talk. Sit in chairs together so you can talk without a desk between you.
- Do things like stand in line in the cafeteria and eat with other employees.
- If a potential leader is exhibiting haughty behavior, try having a private conversation about it with them. You could say, "You know, I have as many degrees as you do to go behind my name, but I don't flaunt them. You don't have to say you're smart in every conversation. People will realize it by the great thoughts coming from that brain of yours, and they'll respect you more if they learn that themselves."
- Become the mentor or coach your employees need. Most employees with the potential to become leaders will need some gentle guidance in the right direction. Try spending one-on-one time with those employees you think could do well. Ask them how their work is going and how you can help them develop the skills they need to do it better and advance in the company.[11]
- If they're struggling, particularly with a new leadership role, give them advice on how they can manage the situation. Your experience will prove invaluable.
- You could also offer titles of any books that may have helped you in the past.
- Try implementing a program where other senior employees mentor younger employees in a more formalized fashion.[12]
EditPromoting People to Leadership - Move people up who show leadership skills not just technical ability. Just because a person is good at their current job does not mean they will make a good leader. You have to focus on the values and skills you expect in a leader, not only what skills make them a good employee.[13]
- For instance, if someone is great at creating detailed reports and is very reliable, that doesn't necessarily mean they'll be a great leader. However, someone who makes detailed reports, shows integrity in their work, always shows up on time, and works well with others likely will make a good leader.
- Keep your eyes open for leaders throughout the company. Some companies won't promote a person to a leadership position if they haven't been there long enough or if they haven't reached a certain level. However, you could be missing out on some great people who are ready to take leadership positions despite the fact they haven't been with the company "long enough."[14]
- Similarly, if you limit your pool, you may find the people you have to promote don't fit the role.
- Provide ongoing feedback about potential growth opportunities. People are not always able to recognize where they're doing well and where they could stand to grow. Ensure you're providing that feedback, so you can encourage them to grow the skills they need to be great leaders.[15]
- You can make it a more formalized process by providing regular employee reviews. Think of it as an opportunity to help employees learn rather than to punish employees who are doing poorly.
- Avoid pushing people into leadership who can't handle it. Even if you've been grooming someone to be a leader, they may not be able to deal with the pressure. If you realize that someone isn't going to like the stress of the job, don't shove it on them. Doing so won't benefit them or the company.[16]
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| How to Cut Bok Choy Posted: 15 Sep 2018 09:00 AM PDT A bright green member of the cabbage family, bok choy is a crunchy, fresh and mild-tasting addition to a meal. Packed with nutritious vitamins, great texture and subtle flavor, bok choy is found in many Asian recipes, but this versatile vegetable can be used in salads, soups, stir-fries and more. Both the leaves and the stalks can be eaten. EditChoosing and Washing Your Bok Choy - Choose bok choy with bright green leaves and crisp stalks. Look for heads with bright green leaves — not yellow or brown — and crisp white stalks without holes or discoloration. Avoid any bok choy bunches that look rubbery or dried out towards the stem. Crunchy is good![1]
- Bok choy, also known as pak choi, can be found in a number of varieties that offer different flavors, sizes and colors.[2]
- Varieties with larger leaves tend to work well for salads and soups, while the smaller, narrower heads work well for stir-fries.[3]
- Buy baby bok choy for a milder flavor. Baby bok choy is a smaller variety of bok choy that is just harvested earlier than mature bok choy. The stems are usually thicker and the leaves are smaller. The flavor is usually pretty similar to regular bok choy, but if often milder and more tender.[4]
- Baby bok choy is also appealing because you can cook the vegetable whole without needing to break the leaves apart.[5]
- Store your bok choy in a plastic bag in the fridge for up to 5 days. Place your bok choy in a grocery store plastic produce bag. With the bok choy in the bag, run your hand along the stalk to push the air out of the bag. Twist the end of the bag so it stays shut and store it in your produce drawer in your refrigerator for up to 5 days.[6]
- Trim and discard the thick base of the bok choy stem. Use a sharp knife to slice off the bottom with a sharp knife just above where the base of the leaves connect. Pull off and discard any outside leaves that are discolored or particularly tough. You will be left with several long individual bok choy stalks.
- Wash the individual bok choy stalks in a bowl of cold water. Separate the leaves and swish them around in large bowl full of cold water. Gently rub the leaves together to remove any dirt. Drain the water from the bok choy using a colander.
- Alternatively, you can rinse each individual stalk under cold running water in your sink.[7]
- Dirt tends to collect towards the base of each stalk, so pay special attention to that part.[8]
EditSlicing the Bok Choy - Bunch the stalks together and slice off the white stems. Once all the stalks have been washed, lie them flat on your cutting board. Then, group them together in a bunch and use your knife to separate the thick, white stems from the green leaves.
- Keeping the stems and leaves separate is helpful because the stems and the leaves tend to cook at different rates, with the stems cooking slower than the leaves.[9]
- Hold the bok choy in a stable position using a claw-like grip. Grip the bok choy with your fingertips and curl them inwards, pressing only the knuckles of your middle and ring fingers against the knife blade. This grip will protect your fingers.[10]
- Hold your knife at a 45 degree angle over the bok choy stems. Don't chop the stems by bringing the knife straight down — hold it at a 45 degree angle for a slanted cut across the stem. Slicing at an angle like this works to increase the surface area of each piece, allowing the bok choy to cook faster.
- Slice the bok choy into sections. Cut the stems into sections beginning at the base and slicing all the way up to the top. Gradually move the hand that holds the bok choy away from the knife as you slice further along the stalk. Then, repeat this process for the leaves.
- Make your cuts thinner if you're looking to make a stir fry.
EditCutting the Bok Choy Into Rectangles - Cut an individual stalk in half down the middle. Make a long cut down the middle of an individual white stalk to separate it into 2 halves. Lay these halves next to each other flat on your cutting board.[11]
- If you want thinner rectangle slices, cut your bok choy stalk into thirds.
- Rectangle cuts can be great if you're looking to saute bok choy stems with other vegetables or meats.
- Separate the green leaves from the white stem. Slice off the leafy part of the bok choy, leaving mostly thick, white stem. It's fine if you leave some of the smaller leaf sections where the leaves connect to the stem, but try to remove as much of the leaves as you can.
- Cut the stem into long rectangular pieces. Make horizontal cuts to divide the stem up into bits that are roughly the shape of rectangles. These pieces should be pretty thick.[12]
EditDicing the Bok Choy - Cut the leaves off of the bok choy. Take an individual stalk of bok choy and cut off the top leafy part. You should be left with the remaining white stem.[13]
- Diced bok choy is a wonderful addition to soups and salads!
- Slice the stem vertically into 3 long strips. Use a larger knife to make these longer cuts in 1 smooth motion each. Try to make all the strips about the same width.[14]
- Cut the strips horizontally into small long diced pieces. Bunch the strips together with your non-dominant hand, and carefully dice them into small pieces starting at the end of the stem. long is good, but make the pieces smaller if you want.[15]
- Slice the bok choy into smaller sections for stir fries to speed up the cooking time and avoid overcooking.
- Make slow, deliberate slices until you get more comfortable slicing at a faster pace.
- Use a well-sharpened chef's knife to cut the bok choy as dull knives are more likely to slip and cause injury.
EditThings You'll Need - Cutting Board
- Sharp Knife
- Colander or Strainer
- Large Kitchen Bowl
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