| How to Prevent Electrical Shock Posted: 13 Nov 2019 12:00 AM PST Electrical shock is no laughing matter, as it often results in serious injury and can even be fatal. Educating yourself about avoiding electric shock can help keep you safe and prevent a dangerous accident. This wikiHow will give you tips on preventing electrical shock. [Edit]Preventing Electric Shock in Your Home - Learn how electricity works. Knowledge is power, and the first step in preventing a dangerous situation is to understand the cause of electric shock. Read books, articles, websites and blogs about electricity and safety measures to take when working with electricity.[1]
- In basic terms, electricity naturally tries to flow to the earth or ground through any and all materials that will conduct an electrical current.[2]
- Certain compounds, like wood and glass, are poor conductors of electricity. Other materials, like seawater and many metals, conduct very well. The human body is able to conduct a current largely due to the amount of sodium and water in the body, and an electric shock happens when electricity flows through parts of the body.[3]
- This happens most often when a direct source of electricity is exposed to human contact. It may also flow into a person through another conductor, like a pool of water or a metal pole.[4]
- To learn more about electricity and the cause of electric shock, read about it here or ask a trusted electrician.
- Know your limits. There are some simple electrical problems around the house that you can handle yourself. However, any time you are having serious or major electrical issues, you should hire a professional electrician. It may be expensive, but it is cheaper than a stint in the hospital.[5]
- There are essentially two types of electricians you can hire, "master" electricians and "journeyman" electricians. Both types are usually licensed by the state - but not always. Master electricians generally own businesses and can employ other licensed electricians and helpers or apprentices, while journeyman electricians can work for a master electrician or be self-employed and hire a single helper or apprentice. The rules of what each type of electrician may do and may not do varies by state, county or locality.
- Find out electricity requirements. The items and appliances in your household all have their own electrical requirements. Know the specific types of circuit breakers, fuses, and even lightbulbs that are required in your home. Make sure to replace them with the right parts when needed. Using incompatible parts could cause the equipment to function improperly, create an unsafe condition that may result in fire, injury or death.[6]
- Turn the electricity off. The first step that you need to take before attempting to fix any electrical problems yourself is to turn the electricity off in your home. This helps to ensure that, even if you make a mistake, you won't be electrocuted.[7]
- There will be a main electrical panel somewhere in your home (usually in a basement or garage). This panel has a simple on/off switch that allows you to cut the flow of electricity to your entire house. Make sure the switch on this panel is flipped to "off" before attempting any repairs.[8]
- Cover sockets and outlets. Covering outlets with wall panels is crucial for preventing accidental contact with wires, and is required by code. If you live with small children, it is also wise to use socket safety plugs to keep curious fingers safe from injury.[9]
- Install GFCI breakers, outlets and adapters. GFCI, or Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter, devices are able to detect imbalances in the amount of electricity flowing through an appliance and will cut off power at the GFCI device. GFCI receptacles are required in most new construction homes in places where electric shock is possible, such as the bathroom, the kitchen, and outdoors, and can typically be installed in older homes for a low cost.[10]
- Avoid common mistakes. There are a handful of common mistakes people make when attempting to make electrical fixes in their homes. You need to be aware of these mistakes and take all the necessary precautions to avoid. Some things to avoid are:
- Avoid touching a bare wire that may be conducting a current.
- Avoid overloading power strips and other receptacles with multiple plugs. Using only two plugs per outlet lessens the risk of shock and fire.[11]
- Utilize three-prong plugs whenever possible. The third prong, which grounds the electrical current, should never be removed.
- Never assume that someone else turned off the power source. Always check for yourself!
- Avoid water. Store and use electric devices away from water. Water and electricity do not mix well and appliances should always be kept away from any moisture. This will prevent any accidental shocks from occurring.
- Never use an electrical appliance while in the bath or shower.[12]
- If your toaster or another electric appliance is near your kitchen sink, never use the running water and the appliance at the same time. Keep it unplugged when not in use.[13]
- Store outdoor electrical equipment in a place where it will be kept dry, like a garage shelf.[14]
- If a plugged-in appliance falls into water, do not attempt to retrieve it until you turn off power to the corresponding circuit. Once the power is off, you may retrieve the device. Once it is dry, it can be evaluated by an electrician to see if it is suitable for future use.[15]
- Replace worn or damaged equipment. Pay attention to the condition of your electric devices, and maintain them regularly. Some signs that indicate a need for repair are:[16]
- Sparking
- Issuing of small shocks
- Frayed or damaged cords
- Heat from electrical outlets
- Recurrent short-circuiting
- These are only a few signs of wear and tear. If something else seems strange, contact an electrician. It's always better to be safe than sorry!
- Turn the power back on. Once you have made the necessary repairs and are ready to test the appliance or outlet you have fixed, turn the power switch on your main panel back to the "on" position. [17]
- You may need to reset your circuit breakers as well. To do this, flip the switch on each individual breaker to "off", then flip it back to "on".[18]
- Consider installing safety outlets and outlet covers. Safety outlets require some force to expose the female connector; outlet covers plug into the female connector of the outlet, do not conduct electricity, and are hard to remove for most young children.
- Be sure that the appliance is set at the appropriate settings for the outlet you are plugging in. In a country that uses a higher voltage, there is a higher wattage, which can damage your electronics and risk electrical shock. Make sure that the appliance is set to the appropriate voltage input, and use a 100-240V to 110V or 220V transformer to avoid mistakes caused by accidentally plugging in appliances into the wrong voltage.
- Understand that the key difference between an adapter and a transformer is that an adapter just allows the appliance to be plugged in, but a transformer steps the voltage to the correct voltage. For chargers, an adapter is fine, but for laundry machines, kitchen appliances, hairdryers, and other appliances without a built-in transformer, use a transformer.
[Edit]Preventing Electric Shock On the Job - Turn the power source off. Whenever a project involves exposure to electrical equipment or electricity, check and double-check that the power is off before beginning your work.[19]
- Again, there should be a main electric panel for the entire facility. Find this panel and flip the switch to off.[20]
- Wear protective gear. Rubber soled shoes and non-conductive gloves provide a barrier. Putting a rubber mat on the floor is another effective precaution. Rubber does not conduct electricity and will help you avoid getting shocked.[21]
- Exercise caution when operating power tools. Make sure that all of your tools have a three-pronged plug, and inspect all equipment for signs of damage. It is also important to turn off power tools before connecting them to electricity. Always keep power tools away from water, and clear the work area of flammable gasses, vapors, and solvents when tools are in use.[22]
- Double up. It is always wise to have a second person around to assist you when working with electricity. This second person can double check to ensure you have followed all necessary precautions. Also, if something does go wrong and you do get shocked, this second person can immediately get you the help you need.[23]
- Make sure you communicate well with this other person. Many electrical accidents occur because of miscommunication. You need to be able to trust that when this person says the power is off, it is actually off.[24]
- Even if you trust this other person with your life, it is probably a good idea to double check and make sure the power is off for yourself. Never assume anything when dealing with electricity.[25]
- Call a professional for big jobs. Working with electricity is inherently dangerous and complicated. If you are not completely confident in your skills, bring in a trusted electrician to complete the job.[26]
[Edit]Preventing Electric Shock in a Lightning Storm - Check the weather report. It may sound obvious, but making sure you have a clear forecast for your outdoor adventure is crucial to avoid getting caught in an electrical storm. Even if you're just gone for an afternoon, weather can change quickly and the best prevention is preparedness. Know the chance of a thunderstorm in the outdoor area you plan to visit, and plan to head in long before the lightning is due to start.
- Watch for signs of a coming storm. Pay attention to changes in temperature, increases in wind, or darkening of the sky. Listen for thunder. If it looks like a storm is rolling in, stop what you are doing and take shelter immediately.
- Find shelter. If you are outside and a storm approaches, quickly heading indoors is the only real way to be protected from lightning. Look for a completely enclosed shelter with its own electricity and plumbing, like a house or business. If that option is not available, hiding out in a car with the doors closed and windows up is also a safe bet. Covered picnic areas, stand-alone restroom facilities, tents, and other small structures will not keep you safe. No reliable shelter in sight? Reduce your risk with these preventive guidelines:
- Stay low
- Avoid open areas
- Avoid metal and water
- Wait it out. Whether indoors or out, do not leave your chosen safety area for at least half an hour after the last clap of thunder is heard. If you have any doubts about whether or not the storm has passed, stay inside.
[Edit]Mitigating the Damage - Keep a fire extinguisher handy. Keep a fire extinguisher ready to go in areas where you work with electrical equipment. Fire extinguishers for use on electrical fires will have a "C," "BC," or "ABC" on the label.[27]
- Prepare for the worst. No matter how many precautions are in place, electric shock is always a risk when electricity is in use. If shock occurs, it is important to be prepared in order to handle the situation safely.[28]
- Call for help. In the case of an electric emergency, always call the Emergency Services. It is unwise to try to treat the victim yourself when an electrical shock has occurred.[29]
- Do not touch a victim of shock with bare hands. Shock victims usually don't hold the electricity in their bodies for very long. However, you must always use caution, as the victim could potentially still be conducting electricity. Use a non-conductive barrier, like rubber gloves, if at all possible, to touch or move the victim.[30]
- Turn off the power source, if possible. If you can do so without being shocked yourself, turn off the power. If this is not possible, move the victim away from the source with a non-conductive material, like a piece of wood.[31]
- You should only try to move an electrical shock victim if the person is in immediate danger.[32]
- Check for vitals. Once you are certain the victim is no longer conducting electricity, check to see if the person is breathing. If the victim is not breathing, begin CPR immediately while someone else alerts emergency medical services.[33]
- OSHA's safety rules for working around electricity state that you have about 4 minutes to get help for an electric shock victim, so move quickly.[34]
- Wait for medical help to arrive. Stay calm and keep the victim lying horizontally, with his legs slightly elevated until medical help can arrive. Once help arrives, stay out of the paramedics' way. If the paramedics ask for any assistance, follow their instructions.[35]
[Edit]Related wikiHows [Edit]References [Edit]Quick Summary |
| How to Teach Your Child to Read Posted: 12 Nov 2019 04:00 PM PST Teaching a child to read is a fulfilling and educational process, both for the parent and child. Whether you home school your kids or just want to give your child a head-start, you can begin teaching your child to read at home. With the right tools and tactics, your child will be reading in no time. [Edit]Starting Early - Read to your child on a regular basis. As with all things, it's difficult to learn anything without exposure to it. In order to get your child interested in reading, you should be reading to them on a regular basis. If you're able, this should start when they are an infant and continue through their school years. Read books with stories they comprehend; at a young age this may lead you to read 3-4 small books a day.
- Books that combine other senses besides listening help your small child to comprehend the story as you read it. For example, read many books that have pictures, tactile pages, sounds, or have accompanying scents.
- Try reading them books that might slightly challenge their comprehension level but that have an interesting or engaging story.[1]
- Ask interactive questions. Even before your child learns to read, they can learn reading comprehension. As you read stories to them aloud, ask them questions about the characters or the plot. For a toddler, these may be questions like "Do you see the dog? What is the dog's name?". The questions can escalate in difficulty as the reading level does.
- Help to teach your child critical thinking skills by asking open-ended questions about stories. You might not hear complex verbal responses until your child is four or five years old, but ask away and be patient.
- Make books easily accessible. It's no good if you have books around, but located in places that your child can't easily take them. Keep books low to the ground and in typical play-areas so that your child begins to associate them with play activities.
- Because your child may be touching and reading the books often, be sure to choose ones that have wipeable pages and that aren't incredibly sentimental. Pop-up books may not be the best option for young children.
- A fancy bookshelf may seem like the most attractive option, but until your child is in school focus on the utilitarian purposes of book storage.
- Set up a reading space next to the bookshelf. Set some beanbags, pillows, and comfy chairs around to sit in while reading. The top of the bookshelf can hold cups and snacks for having while reading.
- Set a good example. Show your child that reading is interesting and worthwhile by reading for yourself. Spend a minimum of ten minutes a day reading when your child is around, so that they see you enjoying the activity on your own. Even if you're not an avid reader, find something to read - a magazine, the newspaper, or a cookbook all count. Soon they'll become interested in reading on their own, simply as a result of seeing you doing it too.
- Include your child in your reading time. If you're reading something child-friendly, tell them about what you're reading. Accompany this by pointing to words on the page to help them connect the lines on the page with the sounds that form words.
- Get access to a library. This can be done in two ways: create your own mini-library at home by collecting dozens of books in your child's reading level, or make weekly trips to the local public library together to check out books. Having a variety of books on hand (especially with an older child) will add interest for reading, and help to incorporate more vocabulary into their knowledge base.
- That being said, don't turn down a request to re-read a favorite book just because it's already been read a dozen times. [2]
- Start to make word-sound associations. Before you even start getting into the alphabet and sound specifics, help your child recognize that the lines on the page are directly correlated to the words you are speaking. As you read aloud to them, point to each word on the page at the same time you say it. This will help your child grasp the pattern of words/lines on the page relating to the words you speak in terms of length and sound.
- Avoid using flashcards. Some companies have advertised specialized flashcards to help babies, toddlers, and preschool age children to read. In general, flashcards are not the most useful or effective technique for teaching reading skills. Time spent reading stories with your child will be much more beneficial than flashcards. "Reading aloud to young children, particularly in an engaging manner, promotes emergent literacy and language development and supports the relationship between child and parent. In addition it can promote a love for reading which is even more important than improving specific literacy skills."[3]
[Edit]Teaching the Basics - Teach your child the alphabet. When your child has developed word awareness, begin breaking down words into individual letters. Although the alphabet song is the most classic means of teaching the alphabet, try getting creative. Explain each of the letters with their name, but don't worry about trying to incorporate the sounds the letters make yet.
- Teach lowercase letters first. Capital letters account for only five percent of all letters in writing English. Therefore, pay more attention to teaching the lowercase letters. lowercase letters are far more important in developing reading skills.
- Try making each of the letters out of play-DOH, playing a toss game (where the child tosses a beanbag/ball onto a specific letter on the floor), or fishing for foam letters in the bathtub. These are all interactive games that encourage development on multiple levels.[4]
- Develop phonemic awareness. One of the most important steps in teaching reading is associating a spoken sound with a letter or letter-pair. This process is known as phonemic awareness. There are 44 speech sounds created by the 26 letters in our alphabet, and each sound must be taught paired with its letter(s) counterpart. This includes the long and short sound produced by each individual letter, as well as the specialized sounds some combined letters make (like 'ch' and 'sh').
- Focus on a single letter/part/sound at a time. Avoid confusion and build a solid foundation by working at a steady pace through all of the speech sounds.
- Give real life examples of each speech sound; for example, state that the letter 'A' makes the 'ah' sound, like at the beginning of the word 'apple.' This can be turned into a guessing game, when you speak an easy word (like apple) and have the child guess the letter that it starts with.
- Use games similar to those used when teaching the alphabet, that combine critical thinking on the part of the child in order to determine sound/letter correlations. See the aforementioned list for ideas, but substitute in sounds.
- It is easier for children to develop phonemic awareness when words are broken down into their smallest parts. This can be done with the clapping game (clapping out each syllable in a word) or by sounding-out words into their individual letters.[5]
- Teach your child rhymes. Rhyming teaches phonemic awareness and letter recognition, in addition to the most basic English words. Read nursery rhymes to your child, and then eventually make lists of easy-to-read rhymes such as mop, top, flop, pop, and cop. Your child will begin to see the patterns of sounds that are made when certain letters are combined - in this case, the sound 'o-p' makes.
- Teach your child to read using explicit phonics. Traditionally, children are taught to recognize a word based on its size, the first and last letters, and the general sound. This method of teaching is known as implicit phonics - working from the largest piece down. However, studies have shown that readable vocabulary dramatically increases (from 900 words to 30,000 words by the third grade) when taught in the opposite fashion: breaking each word into the smallest parts, and building them up into a full word - explicit phonics. Help your child to begin reading by having them sound-out each individual letter without looking at the overall word first.
- Don't move onto explicit phonics until your child has developed adequate phonemic awareness. If they cannot associate sounds with letters or letter pairs quickly, they need a bit more practice before moving onto complete words.
- Have your child practice decoding. Classically known as 'sounding out' words, decoding is when a child reads a word by making the sounds of each individual letter, rather than trying to read the whole word at once. Reading is broken up into two primary parts: decoding/reading a word, and comprehending its meaning. Don't expect your child to recognize and comprehend words just yet; have them focus on decoding and sounding out word parts..
- Don't use whole stories or books yet; have your child read from word lists or from a basic story (not focusing on the plot). This is another great time to use rhymes for practice.
- Decoding aloud is typically easier for the child (and you) to learn how to say the word. Have them break it into parts with clapping if necessary.
- Do not be rigid in how the child pronounces the sounds. Regional accents and weak auditory skills make it hard for children to say most sounds in an academically correct way. Accept a reasonable effort. Recognize that learning sounds is only an intermediate step to learning to read, it is not the goal.[6]
- Do not worry about grammar.. Preschoolers, kindergartners, and first graders are very concrete in the way they think and cannot handle complicated concepts. By age four, most English speaking children already have an excellent grasp of grammar and in due time, they will learn all the formal grammatical rules. At this point, you need to concentrate only on the mechanical skill of reading, that is learning to decode new words and incorporating them in memory to build fluency.
- Build up an archive of sight words. Certain words in the English vocabulary are spoken often, but don't follow the typical phonics rules. These words are easier to memorize by shape association than by sound, and are therefore known as 'sight words.' Some sight words include 'they,' 'she', 'an,' 'said,' and 'the.' The complete list of sight words, called the Dolch list, can be found online and broken down into sections to work through.
- Show your child sight words on a piece of paper. Le them copy it and after telling them what the word is, ask them to tell YOU what the words is.
[Edit]Increasing Difficulty - Begin giving your child complete stories. Odds are, your child will be in school by the time they are able to read and will be given their own reading material by their teachers. Help them to read these whole stories by encouraging explicit phonics use, and recognizing vocabulary. As their word recognition increases, they'll be able to more fully understand story plots and meanings.
- Allow your child to look at the pictures - it doesn't count as cheating if they do. Image and word association is a helpful aspect of building vocabulary.
- Have your child describe the story to you. After every reading session, have your child describe what the story was about to you. Try to get them to be detailed, but don't expect an elaborate response. An easy and fun way to help encourage this is to use puppets who represent characters in the story, so your child can describe it to you through them.
- Ask questions about the stories. Similar to when you were reading stories to your child, every time your child reads ask them questions about what they've just read. At first it will be difficult for them to think critically about meanings of words and the buildup of character development and plot (or the semblance of those things in the most basic of stories), but over time they will develop the necessary skills to answer questions.
- Make a questions list that your child can read; their ability to read and understand the provided questions is nearly as helpful as answering the questions themselves.
- Start with direct questions, such as 'who was the main character in the book?,' instead of more abstract questions like 'why was the main character upset?'
- Incorporate writing in with the reading. Reading is a necessary precursor to writing, but as your child develops reading skills have them practice their writing in conjunction. Children learn to read faster and easier if they learn to write at the same time. The motor memory of the letters, listening to their sounds and seeing them in writing will reinforce new learning. So, teach your child to write letters and words.
- You'll notice an enhanced reading ability as your child learns to spell by decoding and sounding out words. Work slowly though, and don't expect perfection.
- Continue reading to your child. Just as you taught your child the joy of reading before they knew how, you should continue to promote reading by reading to/with them on a daily basis. They'll develop a stronger phonemic awareness when they can see words as you read them, rather than struggling to do both at the same time themselves.
- Have your child read aloud to you. You'll be given a better idea of your child's reading ability when they read out loud, and they'll be forced to slow down their reading to correctly sound out words. Avoid stopping your child to correct them while reading though, as doing so can interrupt their train of thought and make comprehending what they're reading more difficult.
- Reading out loud doesn't have to be limited to stories; whenever you are around words, have your child sound them out to you. Road signs are a great example of something your child sees on a daily basis, and can practice reading out loud to you.[7]
- If your child has no patience to learn to read and would rather watch TV, try turning on the closed-captions and encouraging them to follow along.
- Babies and Toddlers cannot learn how to sound out words. They can recognize symbols and correlate them to familiar objects or vocabulary, but words are complex symbols, and flashcards are not likely to lead to true mastery (e.g. distinguishing cork from clock, or agree from argue)
- Most children are not developmentally ready to begin sounding out words until about 5-7 years of age.
- Many children begin to develop phonemic awareness at age four. You could begin teaching the sounds of letters at about four years. Simple reading instructions can be started about the same time.
- Don't rush into it! Give your child time. Read to them at least every day.
[Edit]Related wikiHows [Edit]References [Edit]Quick Summary |
| How to Apply for a Grant Posted: 12 Nov 2019 08:00 AM PST A grant is money given by one party to another that does not need to be repaid. Grants are typically given by a government agency or philanthropic organization to fund specific projects by a nonprofit entity, educational institution, a business or an individual. By locating, applying for and winning relevant grants, you or your organization may get the funding to support your project. Although each grant requires different processes, the sample documents below provide a good overview for the documents that may be required for applying to grants. [Edit]Sample Grant Documents [Edit]Applying for US Federal Government Grants - Identify potential grants. You can identify potential grant funding opportunities by searching the federal government's grant website located at: http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/search-grants.html.
 - The website allows you to search by keyword, funding opportunity number or CFDA (Catalog for Federal Domestic Assistance) Number, which is the five-digit number assigned to the grant by the federal government.
- If you are searching for new grant opportunities, perform a keyword search that best reflects your business products, research areas or business needs.
- Quickly review the search results by clicking on the Funding Opportunity Number, which is a hyperlink that will redirect you to additional information about the grant. There will be four hyperlink tabs (Synopsis, Version History, Related Documents and Package), read through the description of the grant to determine whether it meets your needs.
- Once you have preliminarily identified a list of potential grants, closely read the grant's eligibility section and the full announcement to determine whether you meet the requirements, scope of work or research parameters of the grant. You can review the full announcement and other supporting documents by selection the Related Documents Tab and then clicking on the relevant documents.
- Download a Grant Application Package. Once you have determined that you meet the eligibility and scope of work requirements, download the grant application.
- You can download the grant application by selecting the Application tab and then by selection the "select package" hyperlink listed under "Actions." You will be prompted to provide your email address to receive grant updates and then given the option to download the materials.
- You can also download grant application packages by entering the grant's Funding Opportunity Number or CFDA Number here: https://apply07.grants.gov/apply/forms_apps_idx.html.
- The benefit of downloading a grant application package is that it allows you to complete and review your materials offline before submitting the finished application.[1]
- Register with Grants.gov. In order to submit a grant application, you must register with grants.gov as either an individual or business applicant. You can register online at:http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/register.html. Generally, you will need to provide the following information:
 - As an individual registrant, you must know funding number of the grant for which you are applying. You can enter the funding number at this website: https://apply07.grants.gov/apply/IndCPRegister and then click the "register" button. You will be redirected to a registration form which you will fill out and that will prompt you to create a username and password.[2]
- Organizations registering with the grant website must first obtain a DUNS number, which is a nine-digit business identifying number. You can register online at: https://fedgov.dnb.com/webform/pages/CCRSearch.jsp or call 1-866-705-5711.[3] You will need the following information to get your DUNS number: your legal name; the name and address of your business headquarters; any other organization names used by your business; the mailing address if different from the physical or business address; and a business telephone number, contact name and title. You may also need to provide the number of employees at your organization.[4]
- Organizations must also register with the System Award Management (SAM). You can register at https://www.sam.gov by providing the name of your organization's authorizing official of your organization and an Employer Identification Number (EIN).
- Organizations can complete their Authorized Organization Representative (AOR) profile and create a username and password by using their DUNS number to register here: https://apply07.grants.gov/apply/OrcRegister
- You must then use your username and password to log into grants.gov in order to request access and approval. Once you complete these steps and you are approved, your organization will be registered with Grants.gov and able to submit grant applications.[5]
- Review instructions. Each grant will provide you with instructions in addition to the grant application materials. You must closely review the instructions when preparing your grant proposal.
- Instructions on how to open and use the forms in the package are on the application package cover sheet. #*Agency specific instructions can be downloaded with your application and will include information required for your submission.
- Write your grant materials. Most grants require that you submit a grant proposal that clearly shows how you meet all of the grant's requirements, a budget and what you intend to accomplish with the grant money. You can review sample documents provided above. Generally, your proposal should include:
- Information that meets all of the requirements of the grant.
- A typo-free and grammatically correct document that persuasively sets forth your project aims.
- Check for formatting requirements, such as font and page limits, and be sure to follow those requirements exactly.
- Any documents that were required or that support your grant application such as tax documents or business documents.
- Submit the completed Grant Application Package. Once you have finalized your materials, you are ready to submit your grant.
- Open the finalized grant application and click the "save" button located on the grant application cover page.
- Next, click "save" button on the cover page.
- You will have the opportunity to click a "Check Package for Errors" button. You should use this option as the system will let you know if you have included all of the required information. Correct any errors that the system finds.
- Click the "Save & Submit" button and save the application. You will only have this option once all errors have been rectified. You must save the application in order to begin the submission process.
- Once you select "Save & Submit," you will be prompted to enter your username and password. You will be provided instructions on how to finalize your submission.
- Once your submission is complete, the system will provide you with confirmation information and a tracking number for your submission. Be sure to save this information.
- Track your application. You can track the status of your application by entering the tracking number at the following website: http://www.grants.gov/web/grants/applicants/track-my-application.html. The system will tell you if your application was received but will not tell you whether you were awarded the grant. This information will come directly from the agency awarding the grant money.
[Edit]Applying for a Federal Pell Grant - Choose a college that is a right fit and accepts Pell grants. Choosing the right college is an important decision. The amount of financial aid you receive may help you narrow down your choices. Pell grants are financial awards given based on economic need to low-income undergraduates and some students seeking degrees beyond college.[6] If you think that you may qualify for a Pell grant, consider the following:
- Pell grants do not need to be repaid like student loans. Therefore, if you qualify for a Pell grant you can significantly reduce the amount of your college tuition with no further financial repayment obligation.
- When choosing a college, you should check with the school's financial aid office to make sure that they participate in the Pell grant program.
- When researching schools, be sure to identify the Federal School Code for each school so that you can include it on your financial aid application. By identifying this information before filling your application, you ensure that your financial aid information is sent directly to those schools.[7] You can locate Federal School Codes at https://fafsa.ed.gov/FAFSA/app/schoolSearch?locale=en_EN here.
- Complete a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). The U.S. Department of Education uses a student's FAFSA to decide a student's eligibility for federal student aid. In order to be eligible for a Pell grant or numerous other federal student aid funding possibilities, you must complete a FAFSA. You can apply for FAFSA online at https://fafsa.ed.gov and will be required to provide the following information:
- Your social security number or, if you are not a U.S. citizen, your alien registration number;
- Your most recent federal income tax returns, W-2s and other documents showing your income;
- Bank statements and/or investment information;
- Information showing any un-taxed income, if applicable; and
- Your FSA id. If you do not have an FSA id, you can register for one at https://fsaid.ed.gov/npas/index.htm.
- If you are a dependent student, you will need to provide the above information for your parents.
- You can include the college codes for up to 10 schools to which you plan to apply.
- Receive your Student Aid Report (SAR). Once your FAFSA is reviewed, you will receive a Student Aid Report that is based on the financial information included in your FAFSA. Your SAR will provide you and the colleges to which you apply the following information:
- The information that you included on your FAFSA.
- The Expected Family Contribution, which is the financial amount the government expects you to contribute to your education. This number is used by colleges to determine the amount of your eligibility for financial aid.[8]
- Your SAR will indicate whether you are eligible for a Pell grant.[9]
- Submit your college applications and wait for your financial aid package. After you submit your college applications and you are accepted, the school will provide you with your financial aid package. If you were eligible for a Pell grant and the school participates in the program, then the Pell grant should be included in your aid package.
- You can also apply to schools before filling out the FAFSA.
[Edit]Applying for Grants in the European Union - Locate relevant grant programs. Similar to the Grants.gov website in the United States, the European Union created a centralized website where users could search for grants and public contracts. Grants are used to co-finance specific projects or missions and usually hold open calls for proposals.[10] The grant website is located at http://ec.europa.eu/contracts_grants/grants_en.htm.
- Rather than providing a keyword search function, the European Commission created categories for grants such as "Culture, Education and Youth," and Employment and Social Rights.
- After clicking on the link identified above, you will be redirected to the grant category list. Identify the category that most closely relates to your business or project and click on the category name.
- You will be redirected to open grants, also referred to as call for proposals. This page will show you all of the available grants under the selected category.
- Review the materials. Select each grant under the subheading and closely read the materials related to the grant to determine whether your project or business meets the grant's requirements.
- Closely read the document entitled "call for proposals" (CFP). Occasionally, there will be multiple CFPs and you should review each one, paying particular attention to the most recent.
- CFPs will outline the grant application process. Your proposal must address each grant requirement in order to be considered.
- Understand the limitations of EU grants. All EU grants are a form of complementary financing, meaning that they do not finance projects up to 100%. Only projects taking place outside the European Union have the possibility to be financed in full.
- The purpose of EU grants is to allow grant beneficiaries to break-even financially and they are not meant to help generate a profit.
- Typically, grants are awarded to public or private organizations, and on rare occasions they are awarded to individuals.
- Apply for a grant. There are a variety of agencies that manage grants and each grant has different application policies and procedures. An organization that intends to apply for grants should consider the following:.
- You must identify the agency or E.U. State that is managing a particular grant. Each agency publishes information about the grant programs that they offer and it is important to review these materials. You can locate a list of managing agencies through a search option at: http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/index.cfm/en/atlas/managing-authorities/.
- You must determine whether there are regional limitations to funding by determining which agency manages grants in your region and then contact them to receive specific information about the grants for which you are interested. You can locate contact information for managing agencies through the above link.[11]
- Once you have determined that you are eligible, follow the specific grant instructions for applying and include all requested information.
[Edit]Applying for Carnegie Corporation Grants - Determine if your project meets the funding criteria. The Carnegie Corporation always accepts requests for funding, however it only welcomes inquiries from potential grantee organizations whose work fits within their grant-making programs: education; democracy; higher education and research in Africa; and International peace and security. Carnegie grants are available to universities, colleges, and institutions related to higher learning and citizenship. They do not offer grants to:
- Individuals.
- Religious organizations.
- Political campaigns.
- Scholarships and endowments.
- Send a letter of inquiry. Write a letter of inquiry that addresses the following points in five pages or less:
- What problem does your project address and why is this issue significant?
- Explain how the project meets the current programs' requirements.
- Set forth the strengths and skills that your organization and personnel bring to the project.
- Identify who will lead the project, key personnel and attach their resumes.
- What will the project prove and what methods will you use? If the project is already under way, what have you accomplished so far? What outcomes do you expect, both immediate and long term?
- If you are requesting funding from Carnegie Corporation for a component(s) of a larger project, describe the specific activities that you are requesting the Corporation to fund and how they relate to the larger project.
- List all sources of potential support.
- What plans do you have to disseminate information to the public about your project?[12]
- Wait for a response. If the proposed project fits the Foundation's guidelines, you may be contacted within six weeks and asked to submit a proposal in the Corporation's format.
- To download a federal government grant application package, you'll need an Adobe software version is compatible with Grants.gov.
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