| How to Store Old Photos Posted: 06 Jan 2020 12:00 AM PST Old photographs are great momentos to pass down between generations and preserve history. When you have old photos that you want to save, there are easy ways to ensure they don't fade or get damaged. If you want to keep prints, keep them in individual sleeves in a dark place so they don't get damaged. If you want to back up your photos, scanning them digitally will allow you to access them on a computer and reprint them. With proper storage, you'll be able to keep your photos looking great! [Edit]Preserving Physical Prints - Organize your prints into chronological order to make them easier to find. Lay out your photos and sort them into groups based on how old they are. You don't need to get the order perfect as long as you're able to remember where you put your photos. If you want to, remove any photos that are poor-quality or that you don't want to save.[1]
- If you don't know the chronological order, you can also sort by the location in the photo or who's in each picture.
- If you have a large photo collection, break the job into smaller chunks so you don't get overwhelmed.
- Be sure to wash your hands before handling old photographs so you don't leave any damaging oil on them.
- Use a photo album if you still want to look through your photos regularly. Get a photo album that uses sleeved pages rather than adhesives or picture corners. Slide 1 picture into each slot on the album pages so they're displayed in the order you organized them. If there are lines on the sides of the page, you can use them to write a description of the picture.[2]
- You can buy photo albums with various cover designs from big box stores or photography shops.
- You can also write descriptions on the backs of the photos using a felt-tip pen or marker.
- Some photo albums have a set amount of bound pages while others allow you to add more pages later on. Choose a style that works best for you.
- Photo albums work best for photos that are or smaller.
- Place individual prints in acid-free sleeves to keep them safe. Acid-free sleeves keep your photos flat and prevent them from fading. Get sleeves that match the sizes of your prints so your photos don't slide around or get damaged. Only use 1 photo per sleeve, and use a felt-tip marker to label the sleeve or the back of the photo with a description.[3]
- You can buy acid-free sleeves online or from photography stores.
- Avoid using a ballpoint pen to write descriptions on the sleeves or photos since you could leave dents.
- If you have larger prints, such as an , and aren't able to find acid-free sleeves, you can also use manilla envelopes.
- Store the photos in acid-free boxes for more condensed storage. Get a photo storage box that's tall enough for your pictures to stand up straight and is labeled "acid-free." Put your sleeved photos into the box in the order you laid them out. Fill the box so the photos don't move around or shift out of place before sealing it closed.[4]
- You can buy acid-free photo storage boxes online or from photography shops.
- If you aren't able to stand the photos up straight, lay them flat on the bottom of the box and carefully stack them so they don't get damaged.
- If you aren't able to get an acid-free storage box, you can also use a shoebox.
- Keep photos in an area that's below and has low humidity. Choose a place that doesn't receive a lot of light and is away from moisture, such as under your bed, in a closet, or inside of a cabinet drawer. Make sure the temperature doesn't regularly go over since it could damage your photos. Check the humidity using a hygrometer to see if it's between 15–65%, or else your photos will age more quickly.[5]
- Avoid storing photos in a garage, attic, or basement since moisture can build up and cause the photos to warp.
- If you're putting photos in a storage unit, make sure you can control the climate so your photos don't age.
- Display old photos with archival frames in areas that don't get constant light. If you want to show off older photos, choose frames that have archival glass to help slow down their aging process. Put the photos on walls that are out of direct sunlight so they don't fade as quickly. When you aren't in the room with the photos, turn off the lights and close any curtains to preserve them for longer.[6]
- Choose multiple photos to display so you can cycle through them so they don't age as quickly.
[Edit]Digitizing Your Photos - Clean the glass on a scanner with a lens cleaner and lint-free cloth. Open the scanner to reveal the glass scanning surface. Spray the lens cleaner onto the cloth and wipe the glass in a circular motion to remove any dust that's left on the surface. Make sure there aren't any streaks on the glass, or else they'll be visible on your photos when you scan them. Close the scanner so dust doesn't land on the glass.[7]
- If you don't have a scanner at home, you may be able to find one at your local library or a print shop.
- Set the scanner so it uploads as a TIFF at 600 DPI. Access the scanner properties on your computer and check the output file format. Look through the list of file types and choose TIFF so the scan runs at the highest quality. Then look for the DPI (dots per inch) setting and change it to 600 so the photo doesn't pixelate when you scan it.[8]
- If you can't use TIFF as a file format, you can also try using JPG for similar results.
- If you don't plan on enlarging the photos, you can also try a 300 DPI setting.
- Lay your photos face down on the scanner. You can usually scan 3–4 pictures at the same time to make the process move faster. Put the pictures against the scanner's glass so the sides with the images face down. Ensure that the photos lay flat and don't hang off of the glass. Close the cover so the photos don't move around.[9]
- Some scanning software auto-detects photographs while others may make you crop your photos later on.
- Name and scan the images onto your computer. Press the Preview button on your scanner or computer to do a pre-scan so you can see if the photos look okay. If you like how the photos look after the preview, type in a short file name into the box on your screen before clicking "Scan." The scanner may take a few seconds or minutes to digitize your photographs.[10]
- For example, you could name a file "family_vacation98" so you can go back and find the images later.
[Edit]Backing up Digital Photos - Upload your photos to a cloud storage site so you can access them anywhere. Cloud storage sites give you a set amount of space that you access as long as you're connected to the Internet. Look for a cloud service that meets your needs and choose a plan that matches how much storage you need. Upload the scanned photos to the cloud so they can save.[11]
- Keep copies of your scanned photos on your computer in case there's a problem with your cloud services.
- Many cloud services will give you a free amount of storage, but you can pay to buy more if you want it.
- Get a storage app on your phone if you have pictures there. Storage apps automatically upload pictures you take on your phone to the Internet so you don't lose them if you misplace your device. Look for a storage app that fits your needs and create an account. Allow the app to access the photos on your device so it can upload them to cloud so you can access them anywhere.[12]
- Many large cloud storage services, such as Amazon Prime Photos, Apple iCloud, and Google Photos, have apps so you can access photos you uploaded from your computer as well.
- Copy your files onto external hard drives or CDs so you have physical backups. Get an external drive that's large enough to hold all of your photos and plug it into your computer. Locate the scanned photos on your computer and place them in a folder so you can copy them easily. Make a copy of that folder to upload to a hard drive or CD so you don't lose the scans if your computer crashes.[13]
- You can buy external hard drives from electronics stores.
- Many photo departments have services where you can transfer files to a CD if you aren't able to burn them at home.
- Always wash your hands before you handle your photos so you don't leave any oils on your pictures.
- There are many online services you can use to digitize your photos if you aren't able to at home.
[Edit]Things You'll Need [Edit]Preserving Physical Prints - Acid-free sleeves or pages
- Photo albums
- Acid-free storage boxes
- Archival frames
[Edit]Digitizing Your Photos - Computer
- Scanner
- Lens cleaner
- Lint-free cloth
- External hard drives or CDs
[Edit]References |
| How to Find a Substitute for a Wire Cooling Rack (Baking) Posted: 05 Jan 2020 04:00 PM PST A wire cooling rack is an indispensable piece of kitchenware when you want to quickly and efficiently cool down baked goods. However, you might not always have one handy. If this is the case, improvise a rack out of other common things you can find in many kitchens or set pans down where they have airflow so the bottom cools down faster. If you can't create a makeshift cooling rack or set a pan somewhere where it will cool down faster, transfer baked goods to other cool, flat surfaces to cool them down faster. [Edit]Improvising an Elevated Surface - Use a spare baking rack if you have one available. Pull an extra rack out of the oven, toaster oven, or roasting pan. Set it on the counter and set a hot baking sheet or pan on it to cool or transfer the baked goods directly to the baking rack to cool them even faster.[1]
- If there isn't enough clearance under the rack to allow a lot of air flow, you can set it on something that will lift it up higher and still allow air underneath all of it. For instance, a frying pan or a pot would work.
- Use a removable grate from a gas stovetop as a cooling rack. This will work if you have the type of gas stove with raised grates that sit over top of the burners. Take a grate off and set it on the counter, then set a pan on it so the bottom of the pan cools faster or transfer large baked goods directly to it.[2]
- Make sure the grate is completely cool before you do this.
- If you want to transfer a large baked item, such as a loaf of bread, directly to the grate to cool, clean the grate thoroughly with soap and water first.
- Place baked goods on top of a cool burner on an electric stove. Set a hot pan or baking sheet down on the burner so the airflow will cool it down faster or transfer large baked items directly to the burner. Clean the burner thoroughly before you put any baked goods directly on it.
- Make sure none of the burners around it are on, or else the baked goods won't cool down effectively.
- Roll up pieces of foil and put them on the counter apart. Roll at least 3 pieces of foil into tight cylinders thick enough to lift the baked items you want to cool off the countertop and allow air to circulate underneath. Place the rolls about apart from each other, then set a baking sheet, pan, or large baked item on top of them.[3]
- Make more than 3 foil cylinders if whatever you plan to cool is large and heavy. As long as the cylinders can be spaced apart from each other, there is no limit on how many you can use to distribute the weight.
- Create a grid out of metal open-style cookie cutters to use as a rack. Position several open-style metal cookie cutters of any shape next to each other with a little space between them so air can move around. Set your pan or baking sheet of baked goods down on them or transfer a large baked item to sit directly on top of them to cool down.[4]
- You won't be able to transfer smaller baked goods, such as cookies or muffins, directly onto the cookie cutters because they won't be able to balance on them.
[Edit]Transferring Items to a Cool, Flat Surface - Place baked items on a clean, cool baking sheet to cool down faster. Transfer baked goods from a warm baking sheet or pan to the cold one. This will help the undersides of the baked items cool down faster than leaving them on the sheet they were baked on.[5]
- Set the baking sheet aside and away from the oven ahead of time to ensure it is cool when you want to put the baked goods on it.
- Put baked items on a countertop lined with paper towels to cool down. Line a countertop with paper towels. Transfer the baked goods from the pan or baking sheet to the paper towels and wait for them to cool.
- The paper towels will also absorb extra oil, butter, or grease from the bottoms of the cookies.
- Transfer baked goods to a cool plate to cool them faster. A room temperature plate that is large enough to hold the cake, cookies, bread, or pastries will work to cool them down more quickly. Carefully remove the baked goods from the pan or baking sheet and place them on a clean, cool plate with space between individual items.[6]
- Put a paper towel down on the plate first if you want to absorb extra oil or butter from the bottoms of the baked items.
- Use a room-temperature pizza baking stone to cool baked items if you have one. Simply slide the baked items onto the pizza stone or transfer them with a spatula. Leave them to cool at room temperature.
- Move baked goods to a cool cutting board to let them cool down. Any kind of clean cutting board works as a good flat surface to cool down baked items on. Transfer the baked goods to the board so they cool down faster than if you leave them on a baking sheet or in a pan.
- Marble or granite chopping boards can be an especially good surface to cool a baked item on because they stay very cool.
- Lay a paper towel on top of the cutting board first to absorb extra fat from the baked goods if you want.
- Wire cooling racks are inexpensive items that are very handy to have in the kitchen. If you don't have one, consider picking one up next time you visit a kitchen supply store.
[Edit]Things You'll Need [Edit]Improvising and Cooling Down Pans Faster - Spare baking rack
- Removable gas stove grate
- Burner on electric stove
- Foil
- Open-style cookie cutters
[Edit]Transferring Items to a Cool, Flat Surface - Baking sheet
- Plate
- Pizza stone
- Cutting board
- Paper towels (optional)
[Edit]Related wikiHows [Edit]References |
| How to Play Bagpipes Posted: 05 Jan 2020 08:00 AM PST Playing the bagpipes properly requires the right stance, a strong set of lungs, and a good understanding of the relationship between pressure and sound. To start playing the bagpipes, you'll need to learn what each piece does, how it works, and where you're supposed to position it. To get better at the bagpipes, practice playing notes on a practice chanter and work on your breath control by performing 2-minute drills. With enough persistence and practice, you'll be performing beautiful music in no time! [Edit]Understanding and Holding Your Bagpipes - Hold the bagpipes with the bass drone over your nondominant shoulder. Loop your left arm underneath the bagpipes and lift it with both hands underneath. Tilt the bass drone, which is the longest pipe on the top of the bag, behind you. Rest it in the pocket where your shoulder blade meets your neck. Keep the bagpipes pinched between your left arm and left side, using the gravity from the tip of your bass drone and your hips to keep the bagpipes still.[1]
- You should keep your shoulders as straight as possible when you play the bagpipes.
- There is no volume control on bagpipes. Keep this in mind before you purchase a set if you live in an apartment or have roommates.[2]
- Inflate the bagpipes by blowing into the blowstick. The blow-stick is the thin, plastic piece with an opening at the top. It sits next to the bass drone. Blow firmly into the blowstick to fill the bag with air and inflate it. When you blow into the bag, it will naturally stay inflated for 5-25 seconds as air begins to escape out of the drones. You need to repeatedly blow into the blowstick to keep the bag consistently inflated.[3]
- There is a valve inside the blowstick that allows air to travel into the bag without letting the air come back out. If you feel air coming out of the blowstick after you blow, you may need a new blowstick.
- Keep the bag inflated to emit sound from the drones. The 3 big pipes that stick out the top of the bagpipes are the drones. There are 2 tenor drones and 1 bass drone. The drones function sort of like pedals on a piano by providing a continuous note that carries as you play. Each drone will naturally produce a humming noise when you play the bagpipes, as air travels through them and out of the top of the drones.[4]
- When you hold a set of bagpipes, the bass drone is the large one that rests over your nondominant shoulder. The 2 other pipes are tenor drones. Both tenor drones are tuned to be 1 octave higher than the bass drone.
- There are small plastic pieces wrapped around the middle of each drone. These are called tuning slides, and are used to adjust the note coming out of a reed. To raise the pitch on a drone's note, slide it up. To lower the note, slide it down.
- Hold the chanter with both hands to begin playing. The remaining stick that hangs off of the bagpipes on the opposite side is called the chanter. It is used to play specific notes on the bagpipes as you inflate it. Hold the chanter with your right hand on the bottom half of the chanter and your left hand on top.[5]
- Even if you are left-handed, you should still place your right hand on the bottom half. It's hard to learn the bagpipes with your hands reversed.
- There are 4 reeds inside the bag. As you play the bagpipes, air blows through the bag, causing the reeds to vibrate and make sound. The drones cause 3 of the reeds to play a continuous note while the chanter controls the fourth reed.
[Edit]Playing Specific Notes - Put your fingers over the corresponding notes from top to bottom. There are 8 holes used to produce 9 notes on a bagpipe. The holes represent the notes high-A, high-G, F, E, D, C, B, and low-A, and are arranged with the highest note at the top of the chanter (high-A) and all subsequent notes going down towards the tip of the chanter. Place your hands with your left hand covering the top 4 notes and your right hand covering the bottom 4.[6]
- The ninth note that doesn't have a hole is low-G. This is played by blowing while covering all of the holes at the same time.
- The 2 fingers that aren't used are the right thumb, which wraps around the chanter to hold it steady, and the left pinky, which hangs off of the chanter for balance. Your left thumb covers high-A on the backside of the chanter.
- Keep your fingers at a 90-degree angle on top of the holes to fully cover each opening.
- Lift a finger off a note while blowing to play it. To play a specific note, lift the corresponding finger off of the note that it's covering. For example, your right index finger covers the D hole. Keep all other holes covered while blowing and raise your right index off of the chanter to play a D note. When you raise a finger to play a note, lift it approximately off of the chanter.[7]
- Don't use the tips of your fingers to cover the holes. Instead, use the thicker pads on fingers that are closer to your palm. This will ensure that each hole is covered completely.
- Adjust the pitch of a note by controlling your breath. If you blow harder while playing a note, you'll raise the note's pitch. If you blow softer while playing a note, you'll lower a note's pitch. Pitch can also be modified by the amount of pressure that you place on the bag with your arm. Pressing will raise the pitch while releasing the bag will lower it. Put pressure on the side of the bag while you're blowing lightly to compensate for the change in pressure while you catch your breath.[8]
- Mastering the relationship between pressure from your arm and input from the blowstick is essential to maintaining the continuous sound in the drones.
- Raise multiple fingers to play chords and unnatural notes. While the bagpipes only have 9 natural notes, their sounds can be manipulated to play chords and unnatural notes by lifting multiple fingers at the same time. Usually, lifting multiple fingers produces a variety on a single note since there's still only 1 reed in the chanter. To produce chords, sheet music will often require you to place a single high-A or low-G in the middle of a continuous sound to make it seem like a chord is being played (these are called grace notes).[9]
- For example, lifting your left thumb, left index, left ring finger and right pinky at the same time plays an A sharp, but if you play a grace note in between, it may sound like multiple notes are being played.
- If you're just starting out, don't worry about learning how to manipulate the chanter to play chords or unnatural notes. Start out with the basics and then build from there.
[Edit]Practicing and Getting Better - Get a practice chanter to commit notes to memory. Practice chanters are smaller versions of a bagpipe chanter. They are designed to produce sound on their own so that you can practice playing the notes on a bagpipe. Learning on a practice chanter will let you see your fingers on the chanter while blowing, which will make it easier to memorize the movements required to play certain notes.[10]
- There are electronic practice chanters that can digitally shut off certain notes or pitches to make practicing easier.
- To get used to the notes and the sounds that they make, start practicing by playing the notes in order from high-A to low-A.
- Memorize some simple tunes to practice playing. Songs are typically played on bagpipes from memory, since playing the instrument requires using both hands at the same time while they're underneath the bag. This makes it near-impossible to play the bagpipes while looking at the finger board, reading music, and blowing at the same time. Practice memorizing a song on a practice chanter before trying to play a song.[11]
- "Amazing Grace" is a famous bagpipe song, and a good starting point once you've mastered the notes. It is a good song to learn early on because it's immediately recognizable and doesn't require any complicated or quick hand movements.
- Perform the 2-minute trick to practice breath control. Hold the bag by the bass drone where it meets the bag. With no pressure being placed on the bag by your arm, inflate the bag with the blowstick so that the drones make noise. Try to blow and keep the bag inflated so that it plays the same continuous pitch for 2 minutes. This exercise will help you practice breath control while getting used to the rate at which the bag naturally deflates.[12]
- If this is too difficult for you, put corks inside of the tenor drones and chanter so that you're only blowing a bass note.
[Edit]References |
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