| How to Preserve Applesauce Posted: 27 Jan 2021 12:00 AM PST There's nothing quite like opening up a jar of homemade applesauce. When you make it yourself, you know exactly what's in it, how sweet it is, and how long it's been around. But if you're making a large batch of applesauce, you might not be able to finish it all while it's still fresh. If you want to keep your applesauce around for a little less than a year, you can freeze it. If you're going for longevity, try canning it. Either way, you can preserve your applesauce to keep it around and enjoy it while it still tastes great. [Edit]Ingredients [Edit]Applesauce - of apples
- 1/4 cup (32 g) of granulated sugar (optional)
- 4 tsp (16 g) of nutmeg or cinnamon (optional)
- of lemon juice (optional)
[Edit]Planning Your Applesauce - Use crisp, firm apples to make your applesauce last longer. Since you'll be storing your applesauce for later, you'll want to pick apples that are tart, juicy, and crisp. You can also combine apple types for a sweet / tart combo to make your applesauce more interesting.[1]
- For tart, crisp apples, go for Granny Smith, Pink Lady, or Empire apples.
- For a sweeter variety, use Fuji, Gala, or Golden Delicious.
- Gather of apples for of applesauce. Now it's time for the important question: how much applesauce do you want? Obviously, the more apples you use, the more applesauce you'll get. A general template for getting the amount of applesauce you want is:[2]
- of apples = of applesauce.
- of apples = of applesauce.
- of apples = of applesauce.
- Add in sugar if you want your applesauce extra sweet. If you've got a sweet tooth going on, the natural sugar in apples might not be enough to satiate you. If you would like your applesauce extra sweet, you can add in sugar 1/4 cup (32 g) at a time until you feel like it's enough. It's all up to you, so don't be afraid to play around with it![3]
- Honey and maple syrup are also great natural sweeteners you can add in a little bit at a time.
- If you're using a lot of sweet apples, you probably don't need to use that much sugar.
- Pour in some cinnamon or nutmeg to give your applesauce a bit of spice. Apples taste great, but there's not much variety in that flavor. If you want to mix it up a bit, add 4 tsp (16 g) of cinnamon, nutmeg, or allspice once your apples are all mashed up.[4]
- You can also add a bit of all 3 spices together if you're going for a super autumnal flavor.
- Add in some lemon juice to preserve the color. Apples turn brown when they're cut, and applesauce has a tendency to do the same. If you want to keep your applesauce looking fresh, add of lemon juice when you add in the sugar to your recipe. You'll preserve the color of your apples and give your applesauce a citrus tang.[5]
- Again, this is optional, so you can experiment with adding or not adding lemon juice.
- Can the applesauce to keep it around for years. If you're planning on making a large batch of applesauce, you might be wondering how best to preserve it. If you want to keep it around for years to come, go for canning the applesauce in jars. If you'd like to save it for up to 10 months, you can freeze your applesauce. If you plan on eating it relatively quickly, just store it in the fridge instead.[6]
- Canning applesauce takes more time than freezing it, and there's more risk of bacteria. However, it does make the applesauce stay fresh for much longer.
[Edit]Making the Applesauce - Peel and core all of your apples. Rinse off your apples in the sink and then grab your peeler. Peel the skin off the apples, then slice each one in half. Use a melon baller or a knife to cut out the core and remove the seeds and the stem so you don't get anything crunchy in your applesauce.[7]
- You can throw out the stems and the seeds or put them in your compost pile.
- If you'll be using a food mill to mash your apples, you don't need to remove the skins and the seeds since the mill will do it for you.
- Cut each apple into 8 pieces. To make the apples easier to work with, use a sharp knife and a cutting board to cut them down to 4 - 8 pieces each. They don't have to look perfect, but they should all be about the same size so they cook evenly.[8]
- If you want to, you can keep your slices in a lemon juice bath to make sure they don't turn brown as you're getting the rest of your ingredients together.
- Boil the slices in water for 12 to 15 minutes. The goal here is to make your apples soft enough to mash or strain. Put them in a large pot and bring it to a boil, then set a timer for 12 to 15 minutes. Keep an eye on the pot so it doesn't boil over as your apples get soft.[9]
- You can speed this up by covering the pot with a lid to trap the steam and the heat.
- Push the apples through a strainer. Here comes the fun part: making the applesauce! Drain out as much water as you can from your pot, then pour your apple slices into a strainer. Press the apple slices through the strainer with the back of a spoon into a bowl until the mixture looks soft and doesn't have any lumps.[10]
- You can also use a food mill (especially if you left the skins and the seeds in the apples).
- To make this easier, put your apples into a food processor or push them through a meat grinder instead.
- If you want chunky applesauce, don't push your apples through a strainer and instead mash them with a fork until they're at the consistency you want.
- Add sugar and spices if you'd like to. Now you can mix in your flavor ingredients. Granulated sugar, cinnamon, honey, nutmeg, maple syrup, and allspice are all things you can add in to make your applesauce taste better. Remember: the sweeter the apples you used, the less sugar you need, so go slowly.[11]
- If this is your first batch of applesauce, you can experiment by adding different flavors to different batches.
[Edit]Canning Applesauce - Sterilize your jars and lids in hot water. Wash the jars and the lids with soap and water and place them in a large pot. Fill the pot with warm water and then bring it to a boil for 10 minutes to sterilize the jars and the lids. Drain the jars and let them cool down for 10 minutes before you pour in your applesauce.[12]
- Working with sterile jars is super important during canning, since introducing bacteria from a dirty jar can lead to rotten applesauce.
- Pour the applesauce into each jar. Carefully pour your warm applesauce mixture into each jar, leaving about of space at the top of the jar. Try to fill up each jar evenly to spread out your mixture all the way.[13]
- If you're worried about spilling, use a funnel to pour the applesauce.
- Wipe off the rim of the jar, then seal it with a lid. Grab a clean towel and wipe off the inside and outside of the rim of the jar. Tighten the lid on top but don't push down the button on top to seal the jar just yet.[14]
- Wiping off the rim ensures that the lid will seal the jar airtight.
- Boil a large pot of water to . Grab another pot that can fit all of your jars (or at least a lot of them) at the same time. Fill it up with water and set your stovetop to high heat until you see large bubbles rising to the top of the water.[15]
- Lower the sealed jars into the water. Using metal tongs or a wire rack, slowly lower your sealed jars into the water, making sure they're fully submerged. Remember, this water is boiling hot, so be careful![16]
- If the water doesn't fully cover the jars, add more until it does.
- Take the jars out of the water after 15 to 25 minutes. The amount of time your jars will take to pressurize depends on your altitude. Once you figure out what your altitude is, you can set your timer and wait until your jars are airtight. The altitude times include:[17]
- For , boil for 15 minutes.
- For , boil for 20 minutes.
- For , boil for 20 minutes.
- For anything above , boil for 25 minutes.
- Let the jars sit at room temperature for 12 to 24 hours. Take the jars out of the boiling water and set them aside. Let them sit on your counter for 12 to 24 hours so they can cool down and seal themselves at the same time. Don't touch or open up the jars unless you plan on eating the applesauce right then.[18]
- Store the jars in a cool, dry place. Write the date on the jars so you know when you made your applesauce, then put them somewhere out of the direct sun. While there's no exact timeline for how long your applesauce will last, it should be able to hold up for at least a few years before it starts to go bad.[19]
- If the lid on the top of the applesauce is popped up or the applesauce smells rotten, don't eat it.
- If the applesauce changes color or gets bubbly, don't eat it—it's probably gone bad.
[Edit]Freezing Applesauce - Cool the applesauce quickly by placing it in a cold water bath. Place your pot of applesauce in an ice water bath to cool it down to room temperature. As the water heats up, replace it with new, cold water to cool the applesauce down faster.[20]
- You can use a large bowl or just fill up your sink with water to make an easy ice water bath.
- Pour the applesauce into glass jars or plastic containers. Wash your containers with soap and water to make sure they're clean, then rinse them well. Pour the applesauce into your containers, leaving about of room at the top to make space for the lid.[21]
- Since you're storing your applesauce in the freezer, you don't have to worry about sterilizing your containers in hot water.
- You can use glass jars or plastic containers with a lid as long as they can seal up airtight.
- Leaving room at the top of your container is super important, since the applesauce will expand when it freezes.
- Freeze the applesauce right away. Put your containers in the freezer and write the date on the outside with a permanent marker. Don't leave the applesauce sitting at room temperature, or it could go bad.[22]
- If you don't want to freeze your applesauce, just keep it in the fridge for up to 1 week.
- Eat your applesauce within 8 to 10 months. Applesauce will stay good in the freezer for a little less than 1 year. When you're ready to eat it, let it sit out at room temperature until it gets a little slushier so that it's easier to eat. Then, dig in![23]
- If your applesauce smells bad or looks moldy, don't eat it.
- Try giving your applesauce as a gift by adding a ribbon or a length of twine to beautify it.
- You can use of applesauce instead of 1 egg in most baked goods.[24]
- You can feed applesauce to your baby if they're at least 4 months old.[25]
- Dogs can have a little bit of applesauce on special occasions, but the high sugar content isn't great for their health.
[Edit]Warnings - Always sterilize your jars and seal them in a water bath if you're canning your applesauce.
- If your applesauce looks moldy or smells bad, throw it away.
[Edit]Things You'll Need [Edit]Making the Applesauce - Knife
- Cutting board
- Peeler
- Pot
- Strainer, food processor, or food mill
[Edit]Canning Applesauce - Glass canning jars with lids
- Pot
- Metal tongs
- Permanent marker
[Edit]Freezing Applesauce - Airtight containers (glass jars or plastic containers)
- Permanent marker
[Edit]Related wikiHows [Edit]References |
| How to Study with Dyslexia Posted: 26 Jan 2021 04:00 PM PST If you have dyslexia, you probably find studying a bit more difficult than other students. This might get you down, but don't worry! It's important to know that this isn't your fault at all, and it's a problem that you can overcome with some work and dedication. If you don't know how to start, we've got you covered. Here are answers to some of your most common questions about how to study successfully with dyslexia. [Edit]How do I read effectively with dyslexia? - Read slowly so the material is easier to understand. Reading can be tough with dyslexia, and you might feel intimidated if you have to do a lot of reading for a test. The best way to improve your comprehension is to go slowly and don't rush. Break down each word into syllables so you recognize what it means. This way, you won't feel as confused while you're reading.[1]
- If you come across any words you don't recognize, look them up so you understand what you're reading.
- Reading out loud is a great way to keep yourself focused.
- Try to break your reading into small sections too. It's harder to concentrate if you read a lot at once and get tired.[2]
[Edit]What are some ways I can improve my memory? - Try using visual cues and exercises to stimulate your memory. Colors, tables, diagrams, and pictures all stimulate the brain and make information a lot more memorable. Try to use as many visual aids while you're studying as possible. Either find them in your textbooks or online, or make your own to fit your studying needs.[3]
- For example, on a test where you need to compare and contrast things, you could make your own Venn diagram to break things down.
- Even simply color-coding your own notes gives you visual cues to spark your memory.
- Flashcards are great for color-coded visuals too. Even better, you can bring them with you anywhere and get some extra studying in.
- You could also try to associate pictures with certain words or reading passages. This triggers your brain to remember them better.
[Edit]How do I manage my time with dyslexia? - Stay organized to make the most of your study time. Keep all of your books and study materials neat and tidy so you don't have to waste time finding everything. Writing your notes neatly, using post-its in your books, and color-coding your study sheets all help you study effectively without losing any time.[4]
- Having a designated study spot can help too. Working in the same spot tells your brain that it's time to study.
- Break large tasks into smaller ones so they're easier to complete. It can feel overwhelming to focus on large tasks. The best way to get around this is by dividing those tasks up. That way, you can focus all your energy on the task at hand without burning out or getting tired.[5]
- For example, if you have to study a chapter for a math test, break the chapter into equal sections. Then go through one per day leading up to the test.
- This also works for written assignments. If you have to write a 10-page paper, try breaking it up into 3 or 4 sections and writing one per day.
[Edit]What kind of technology or tools are good for dyslexics? - Audio, dictation, and visual programs are some of the best. These digital tools are great for making work more fun and sparking your memory. Use as many as you can to make studying easier.[6]
- Audio programs can read assignments and questions to you out loud. This is helpful if you have trouble following written instructions. Many school libraries have this software available.
- Dictation programs are good if you have trouble translating your thoughts into writing. You can just recite what you're thinking or reading, and the program will put it into text.
- Visual aids like PowerPoint or Prezi are full of colors, tables, and pictures to help keep you focused.
[Edit]How do I avoid forgetting about tests and assignments? - Carefully plan and schedule your work. Keep a planner or use the calendar in your phone to write down any assignments that you have. Get into the habit of checking the planner every day to make sure you don't miss any assignments.[7]
- Also set reminders for yourself. If you have a test tomorrow and need to study, set an alarm to go off at 4 PM to remind you that it's study time.
- As a lower-tech solution, some dyslexics write notes to themselves at home to remind them of things. You could keep a whiteboard in your room and write "Test Tuesday" so you remember to study.
[Edit]What subjects are dyslexics good at? - Dyslexics can get good at any subject with hard work and dedication. There aren't any particular subjects that dyslexics are better at. The most important thing is to invest in yourself and develop strong study habits. This way, you can tackle any subject.[8]
- Dyslexics do tend to have less trouble with math because they might find numbers easier to follow than words. This isn't universal, however, and some dyslexics get confused when looking at numbers.[9]
[Edit]Can I still go to college if I have dyslexia? - Of course you can still go to college! There's no reason at all that someone with dyslexia can't handle college work. Not only can you attend college, but you can excel! If you're preparing to go to college, here are a few skills to develop:[10]
- Good time management skills. You'll have to juggle a lot in college, and your school won't organize your schedule for you. Work on scheduling and planning out your time to stay organized.
- Self-discipline. Your parents and teachers won't be able to keep you on track, so work on disciplining yourself to work hard.
- Reading skills. College-level reading is a bit harder than you're used to, so practice reading as much as you can.
[Edit]What types of jobs are dyslexics good at? - Dyslexics can do anything they want to do! Studies show that there is no career choice that suits dyslexic people better, so you don't have to worry about shaping your career around it. It's much better to follow what you enjoy or are good at. This is a better indicator of career success than any learning problems you might have.[11]
- Dyslexics can even do well in reading-heavy careers like law or medicine. There's no reason you shouldn't follow your passions just because of dyslexia.
[Edit]Are there ways for me to get help if I need it? - Absolutely, there are many ways you can get help. Never hesitate to reach out to family, friends, guidance counselors, teacher, and tutors for assistance. There is always someone who can help you if you need it.[12]
- Talk to the guidance counselor at your school to find out what resources are available, like targeted help or small group intervention.[13]
- Asking your friends or family to proofread your work before you hand it in is a good way to catch any mistakes.
- Most schools have writing or reading tutors that can be a huge help to improve your study skills. If not, consider hiring a private tutor.[14]
- Don't be afraid to reach out to your teacher or professor. Ask for any accommodations that you might need, like extra test time, a study guide, or tips on how to prepare.
- Remember that practice makes perfect. The more you read and study, the better you'll get.
- Take advantage of any resources that your school offers, like a computer lab with audio equipment you can use. These are great tools to help you focus and learn.
[Edit]References |
| How to Repair a Terracotta Pot Posted: 26 Jan 2021 08:00 AM PST Terracotta pots are an asset to many home gardens, but not when they're cracked and broken. Before you pick up a new pot from your local gardening store, check around your home for a few simple repair supplies. Within a day or so, you might get your favorite terracotta pots back in working order again! - Move your pot to a well-ventilated area. Epoxy fumes are no joke, and are no fun to breathe in. Find an open, well-ventilated space where you can repair your pot so you don't have to inhale any nasty chemicals.[1]
- A room with several open windows can work, or you can repair it outside.
- Wipe down the broken shards with a cloth to remove any dirt. Grab a clean cloth and brush off any obvious dirt or grime from your terracotta pot so the pieces fit together snugly. It's okay if your pieces are still a little dusty afterwards—you'll probably be filling your pots with soil, anyway.[2]
- Stir equal parts of epoxy and hardener together. Pour a blueberry-sized amount of both epoxy resin and hardener on a paper plate or dish. Grab a toothpick and mix them both together before you start reconstructing your pot.[3]
- Check the instructions on your epoxy packages beforehand. Some glues might come pre-mixed, so you don't have to worry about stirring them together.
- Silicone caulk is also a good option for repairing a broken terracotta pot. You can also buy caulk in a color that best matches your pot![4]
- Mix colored clay powder into the epoxy mixture so it matches your pot. Scoop a small spoonful of powdered clay and mix it in with the epoxy. This helps the epoxy blend in well with your terracotta pot, creating a more seamless finish.[5]
- You can find powdered clay online, or at your local ceramics or craft store.
- Spread the epoxy over the cracked edge with a toothpick. Dip a clean toothpick into the epoxy mixture and spread it along the base section of the crack. Keep dipping and spreading the epoxy in a thin layer along the fissure, so your broken shards have no trouble sticking together.[6]
- You only need to spread epoxy on the bottom portion of your pot.
- Don't worry if you use too much epoxy—you can always wipe off the excess with an acetone-soaked towel or cloth.[7]
- Press the broken piece into the glue and hold it for several seconds. Grab the broken section and center it exactly over the epoxy, as though you're putting together a puzzle. Hold the shard in place for several seconds with your fingers, or secure it in place with a metal clamp.[8]
- Let the epoxy dry overnight so it can cure completely. Double-check the instructions on your epoxy bottle to see how much time it needs to dry and cure. Some products need at least 1 night to cure completely.[9]
- Don't use your pot until the epoxy is completely dried and cured.
- Sand down the surface with fine sandpaper to make it smooth and flat. Grab a sheet of super fine-grit sandpaper and rub along the glued seam of your pot. Work away any imperfections or inconsistencies, so your pot feels smooth and seamless. At this point, you'll be ready to use your pot again![10]
- Dust off the pieces of your pot with a clean cloth. Go over the sides and edges of your terracotta pot with a rag, cleaning away any leftover dust and grime. Sometimes, dirt gets stuck in the broken cracks and makes the pot more tricky to repair.[11]
- Fit the broken piece of terracotta into the correct spot. Arrange the broken shard carefully, lining up the broken edges exactly with the bottom of the pot. Check that the piece is steady before removing your hand.[12]
- Depending on the break, you may need to hold the broken shard in place.
- Pencil in dotted marks on both sides of the terracotta crack. Mark each dot about away from the broken seam. Space out these dots about or so apart, like you're sketching out a row of eyelets on a pair of shoes.[13]
- Essentially, you'll be threading the wire through these marks to "sew" the pot back together.
- Drill into the pencil marks with a masonry drill bit. Install a thin masonry bit in your drill and drill into each dot. Set your drill to a high setting, so you don't have any difficulty getting through the terracotta.[14]
- Don't use a standard drill bit for this—you don't want to damage your equipment or pot.
- Cut a length of copper wire into several pieces. Lay out a section of copper wire, measuring and marking every . Snip off these short sections of wire with a pair of wire cutters, and set the pieces aside.[15]
- This wire will be the "thread" that sews your pot back together.
- String the wire through 2 holes above and below the crack. Slide 1 end of the wire through the top hole, and the other end into the bottom hole. Keep the wire even while you thread it, so even pieces of wire are going through the pot. Repeat this process with each set of drilled holes along the broken seam.[16]
- Twist the wires together along the inside of the pot. Grab a pair of pliers and twist the wires together into a coil. Do your best to make this as tight as possible, so the pot stays together.[17]
- Push the twisted wires against the inner edge of the pot. Press along the coiled wires until they're snug against the inner wall of your terracotta pot. This way, your pot is much more likely to stay together![18]
- Once you've twisted and pushed in all your wires, you can use your pot again.
- If your terracotta pot is shattered into many pieces, it might be worth getting a new pot.
- Some people find that gorilla glue works well for repairing pots. You can apply this just like the epoxy.[19]
- If your terracotta pot is only cracked, you can fill in the cracks with several layers of joint compound. Then, you can sand over the dried compound and spray waterproof sealant on top.[20]
[Edit]Warnings - Always wear safety goggles when you use power tools.[21]
[Edit]Things You'll Need - Epoxy (resin and hardener) or silicon caulk
- Cloth
- Toothpick
- Powdered clay
- Fine-grit sandpaper
- Clean cloth
- Pencil
- Electric drill
- Masonry drill bit
- Copper wire
- Wire cutters
- Pliers
[Edit]References |
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