quinta-feira, 11 de fevereiro de 2021


How to Spray Paint Art

Posted: 11 Feb 2021 12:00 AM PST

Spray paint is a fun, flexible medium that can create beautiful and expressive works of art. If you'd like to try making your own piece of art, first choose a safe, well-ventilated area to work. Try making a planetary mural with different spray paint colors and household items, like newspaper and foil. To create a wider variety of patterns, use paper stencils, shelf liner, and other common items to accent your artwork. After your painting dries completely, you can display or sell your art for others to enjoy!

[Edit]Steps

[Edit]Choosing a Painting Space and Supplies

  1. Set up a canvas in a well-ventilated area. If you don't want to paint in a public area, pick a workspace that has plenty of free-flowing air. If you'd prefer indoors, open several windows so fresh air can flow throughout the room. For extra ventilation, set up a box fan that blows any extra paint fumes out of the area.[1]
    Spray Paint Art Step 1 Version 3.jpg
    • Spray painting involves a lot of fumes and loose paint particles, so you don't want to work on your art in an enclosed space.
  2. Select a safe, legal place to paint if you want to display your work. Look for some empty walls in your area that could serve as a potential canvas for your art. Since graffiti is illegal in most places, search online to find public spaces near you where spray-painted art is legal. If you'd like to paint over a large area but don't have access to a legal public space, try using a large white sheet to display your art.[2]
    Spray Paint Art Step 2 Version 3.jpg
    • If you get caught spray painting in a public space, you could get arrested for vandalism.
    • This website marks over 1,000 public locations where you can legally spray paint: https://www.legal-walls.net.
  3. Cover the surrounding area with drop cloths. Whether you're working indoors or outdoors, protect your surroundings from stray splashes of paint by laying large sections of drop cloth or plastic sheeting across the ground and surrounding walls. Secure these protective cloths and sheeting in place with strips of painter's tape, so these items don't shift around while you're working.[3]
    Spray Paint Art Step 3 Version 3.jpg
    • Always place drop cloths beneath your canvas.
  4. Protect your skin with gloves and old work clothes. Slip any clothes that you don't mind staining or getting dirty. With this in mind, try wearing an old pair of sneakers or boots that you don't mind scuffing up. To protect your hands, put on a pair of work gloves, so you don't get any spray paint on your skin.[4]
    Spray Paint Art Step 4 Version 3.jpg
    • If you don't have any old clothes on hand, check out your local thrift store.
    • You can find work gloves at your local hardware or home improvement store.
  5. Wear a mask or respirator to protect yourself from paint fumes. Slip on a respirator that fully covers your nose and mouth, as you don't want to risk inhaling any toxic paint fumes. If you don't have a respirator on hand, use a regular safety or breathing mask.[5]
    Spray Paint Art Step 5 Version 3.jpg
    • You can find respirators and safety masks at most hardware and home improvement stores.
  6. Repurpose newspaper or foil for your art project. Before recycling your old newspaper or magazines, rip out a few sheets of newsprint. Keep these sheets on hand if you'd like to add fun textures to your spray paint art. If you don't have any newsprint, set aside some sheets of aluminum foil instead.[6]
    Spray Paint Art Step 6 Version 3.jpg
    • When crinkled, these items can add a fun, warped texture and design to different elements of your spray paint art.

[Edit]Making a Galaxy Design

  1. Choose a color scheme for your planets. Pick a variety of 3-4 fun colors to use for your planets. Depending on your overall design, select a combination of cool tones or warm colors to create a striking, vibrant design for the planets in your galaxy. Once you've picked a color scheme, purchase your spray paint from an art supply store.[7]
    Spray Paint Art Step 7 Version 3.jpg
    • For instance, you could create a bright, fiery planet with reds, oranges, and yellows.
    • If you'd like to paint a real planet, like Neptune, opt for blue and turquoise shades instead.
    • White and black are useful colors to have on hand for tinting and shading purposes.
    • Most stores will ask you to provide ID when purchasing spray paint. If you're younger than 18, make sure you have a parent or guardian with you.
  2. Secure a large, circular item onto your painting workspace. Outline the planets in your mural by applying strips of painter's tape around the edges of your round item. If you're aiming to make an expansive work of art, try using a trash can lid or other large item to outline your planet. Tape multiple plates or other round items into place if you'd like to include multiple planets in your finished painting! To create a definite outline for your planet, spritz some paint around the item to create a round border[8]
    Spray Paint Art Step 8 Version 3.jpg
    • If you're working on a horizontal workspace, you don't need to tape your round item into place.
    • Consider using duct tape to secure heavy items into place on your vertical canvas.
    • Tape on round items of different sizes to make a fun collection of planets!
    • When outlining the round object, use a shade of spray paint that you'd like to use for your backdrop.
  3. Spray 3-4 lines of color in the round outline. Choose 1 shade of paint and apply a straight line along the bottom of the empty circle. Layer another line of color on top of this bottom section, using a different shade of spray paint. Repeat this process 1-2 times, or until the empty circle is completely filled with color.[9]
    Spray Paint Art Step 9 Version 3.jpg
    • There's no right or wrong way to arrange the colors in your art. For instance, you could start with a line of lime green paint, then layer lines of dark green and blue on top.
  4. Cover your colorful lines with a layer of white spray paint. Apply a thin patch of white paint over the surface of your planet. Don't worry about this color being consistent—instead, just focus on covering your multicolored stripes of paint.[10]
    Spray Paint Art Step 10 Version 3.jpg
    • This white paint will help add texture and detail to the surface of the planet.
  5. Shade the bottom ⅓ of the circle with black spray paint. Take a can of black paint and spritz a curved line along the bottom of the planet. Cover the white that you just sprayed on, creating a monochrome color scheme within the planet. Apply this paint in a thick layer, since it will provide shadows for your planet later on.[11]
    Spray Paint Art Step 11 Version 3.jpg
    • Your paint job doesn't have to be exact. Just focus on covering the bottom ⅓ of the planet.
  6. Use wrinkled paper to add texture to your planet. Take a piece of newspaper, magazine, or foil and crumple it in your hands. After you unwind the piece of paper or foil, place it on top of the planet. Press the sheet into place on the damp paint, so the planet's design can have an uneven texture. After pushing the paper onto your wet paint, pinch the edges of the paper or foil and remove the sheet from the design[12]
    Spray Paint Art Step 12 Version 3.jpg
    • If you're working on a larger project, you might need to use multiple sheets of newspaper, magazine, or foil.
    • Don't try and flatten the sheet. The different ridges and bumps in the crinkled material will make fun patterns on your planet.
    • You don't need to hold the paper or foil down for a certain amount of time—you just need to make sure that it's sticking to the damp paint.
  7. Wait 5-10 minutes for the paint to dry. Set a timer for at least 5 minutes, so the various layers of spray paint can begin to dry. Don't expect the paint to dry completely—instead, wait until the paint is no longer damp or dripping wet.[13]
    Spray Paint Art Step 13 Version 3.jpg
  8. Cover your planet with a round item to protect it from other paint colors. Take the round item that you used before and place it over the planet. If you're working with a vertical canvas, like a wall or easel, use painter's tape or another sturdy adhesive to hold the item into place. Before you continue painting, check that the item is securely attached to the canvas or wall.[14]
    Spray Paint Art Step 14 Version 3.jpg
    • This round item helps give your planet crisp, clean lines in the finished piece of art.
  9. Spray black paint around the planet on your canvas. Create a night sky effect by applying an even layer of black paint around the planet(s) that you designed. Spray on the paint in long, overlapping strokes, working from left to right. As you work, paint along the edges of the plate or other round item that's covering your planet—this will help create smooth, crisp lines.[15]
    Spray Paint Art Step 15 Version 3.jpg
    • If you'd prefer to use a different color scheme, try using dark blue, violet, or another sky-themed shade instead.
    • Add depth to your mural by spraying a magenta, violet, or other galaxy-themed color over the backdrop.[16]
  10. Apply a streak of metallic paint to mimic a collection of stars. Choose a shiny paint color that matches your overall color scheme, like turquoise, gold, or silver. Spray this metallic shade in a straight, diagonal line next to 1 of your covered planets.[17]
    Spray Paint Art Step 16 Version 3.jpg
  11. Flick white across the canvas to create a scattered star effect. Spritz a thick layer of white paint on your pointer and middle fingertips. Next, extend both fingers in a flicking motion over the canvas, which will scatter white flecks of paint. Repeat this process across your canvas to create a traditional starry sky.[18]
    Spray Paint Art Step 17 Version 3.jpg
    • This process works best on smaller canvases.

[Edit]Creating Other Designs

  1. Spray over a sheet of shelf liner to create a checkered effect. Cut a large, rectangular piece of shelf liner and arrange it over a section of your canvas. Use small pieces of painter's tape to secure the stencil onto or a vertical surface. Next, spray over the shelf liner with a thick layer of paint to create your desired effect. To see the finished result, pull the shelf liner away from the canvas![19]
    Spray Paint Art Step 18.jpg
    • If you're painting on a horizontal surface, you don't need to tape the liner into place.
    • Large amounts of shelf liner can create a cool, textured background effect for your painting.
    • This material imitates the texture of carbon fiber.
    • Mesh or fabric netting can also work in a pinch.
  2. Design custom shapes with strips of painter's tape. Cut out various pieces of masking or painter's tape and arrange them along your canvas in a unique pattern. Once you've placed your strips of tape over the canvas, apply a thick layer of spray paint around the edges. Finally, rip off the painter's tape to cut the paint and reveal a sharp, sleek design![20]
    Spray Paint Art Step 19.jpg
    • For example, cross 2 pieces of tape in an "X" shape to create the crossed out symbol.
    • Make a squares, trapezoids, octagons, and other shapes with similar lengths of tape!
  3. Spray over a paper cut-out to make a cool silhouette. Sketch a unique design on a large sheet of rectangular paper, like a plant, animal or person. Using a pair of scissors, cut out the design to create a makeshift stencil. Attach this paper template to your canvas with small pieces of painter's tape, then spray over the stencil with a thick layer of solid paint.[21]
    Spray Paint Art Step 20.jpg
    • For instance, use black spray paint to create a striking silhouette against a colorful background.
    • Wild animals, like elephants, tigers, and lions, are great options for natural murals.
  4. Arrange long and short pieces of tape to make a brick background. Take long stretches of masking or painter's tape and place them horizontally across your canvas. Next, stick 4-5 shorter pieces of tape between the long strips, creating alternating rows of bricks as you go.[22] Spray over the entire surface with red spray paint, focusing on the lower left corner of each brick. To complete the design, peel away all the tape attached to the canvas.[23]
    Spray Paint Art Step 21.jpg
    • The unpainted portions of each brick add a cool texture to the design.
    • Use a different paint color to make a more unique design!
  5. Cut out a paper heart to use as a stencil. Place a sheet of printer paper on a flat surface, and sketch a heart with pencil. Once you're satisfied with the design, cut out the stencil with a pair of scissors. Using your pointer finger and thumb, hold the heart in place and spray around the paper. Repeat this process as many times as you'd like to make a variety of heart silhouettes.[24]
    Spray Paint Art Step 22.jpg
    • If you don't want to risk getting spray paint on your hands, wear gloves and an old shirt while you spray.
    • Create stencils of different sizes to spice up your painting!

[Edit]Completing and Displaying the Art

  1. Wait 1 day for the project to dry fully. Remove the plate or other round coverings from your designs, allowing your entire work of art to be on display. Leave your canvas in an open area for at least 24 hours, so the paint can dry completely.[25]
    Spray Paint Art Step 23.jpg
  2. Frame your art if it's on a small enough canvas. Arrange your dried, finished work of art in a simple frame so you can it put it on display for the world to see. To emphasize your unique designs and color schemes, choose a frame with neutral colors, like white or black. If you aren't comfortable with framing the artwork yourself, contact a professional for help.[26]
    Spray Paint Art Step 24.jpg
    • You can find a framing expert at your local craft store.
    • Framing works best with art on a physical canvas.
  3. Sell your small paintings at art shows to make extra money. Search online to find craft and art fairs in your area. As you fine tune your spray painting skills, create different murals on small, displayable canvases that potential customers can hang up in their homes. When pricing your art, double the cost of the supplies you used to create the painting. With enough practice and perseverance, you might make a profit![27]
    Spray Paint Art Step 25.jpg
    • For instance, if you spend $20 on spray paint for a specific painting, sell the artwork for $40.

[Edit]Video

[Edit]Things You'll Need

[Edit]Choosing a Painting Space and Supplies

  • Canvas
  • Box fan
  • Drop cloths
  • Painter's tape
  • Gloves
  • Work clothes
  • Respirator or mask
  • Newspaper (optional)
  • Aluminum foil (optional)

[Edit]Making a Galaxy Design

  • Paper plate or round, flat item
  • Spray paint (3-4 colors)
  • White spray paint
  • Black spray paint
  • Newspaper
  • Painter's tape

[Edit]Creating Other Designs

  • Shelf liner
  • Masking or painter's tape
  • Spray paint (color of your choice)
  • Paper
  • Scissors
  • Rubber gloves (optional)

[Edit]Completing and Displaying the Art

  • Frame

[Edit]References

[Edit]Quick Summary

  1. https://www.bhg.com/decorating/paint/how-tos/spray-paint-tips/
  2. https://www.widewalls.ch/spray-painting-tips-and-guidelines/a-wall-in-front-of-you-a-spray-paint-in-your-hand/#/
  3. https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/outdoor-projects/how-to/a8912/10-tips-for-better-spray-painting-15474314/
  4. https://americanpregnancy.org/is-it-safe/paint-and-pregnancy/
  5. https://www.osha.gov/dts/maritime/sltc/ships/surfaceprep/spray_painting.html
  6. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=1m41s
  7. https://www.apieceofrainbow.com/diy-spray-paint-art/
  8. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=0m35s
  9. https://www.apieceofrainbow.com/diy-spray-paint-art/
  10. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=1m23s
  11. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=1m59s
  12. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=3BDFnKJ3LDw&t=1m51s
  13. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=2m13s
  14. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=2m35s
  15. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=2m49s
  16. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=3BDFnKJ3LDw&t=3m23s
  17. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=3BDFnKJ3LDw&t=4m6s
  18. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tfWRo_28qSw&t=3m33s
  19. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=UkzyZVHvP1c&t=4m0s
  20. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=UkzyZVHvP1c&t=4m51s
  21. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=UEU82Kx3J1Q&t=5m36s
  22. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=i6tlOSAuVR8&t=3m31s
  23. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=i6tlOSAuVR8&T=6m25s
  24. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=m9zsV_c2964&t=3m21s
  25. https://paintsprayermag.com/how-long-does-spray-paint-take-to-dry/
  26. https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/how-to-framing-art
  27. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/76936

How to Make a Photo Collage

Posted: 10 Feb 2021 04:00 PM PST

If you want to have all of your favorite photos in one place so you can see them at the same time and think about all of the great memories and experiences connected to them, then a photo collage is the project for you. Whether you're making a collage of fond memories, or just creating a fun decorative design, with today's technology, making your own collage is easier than ever. But if you want to keep it old-school and cut out your own images, that's a simple and fun project, too.

[Edit]Steps

[Edit]Digital Collage

  1. Choose a free digital collage maker for an affordable option. Look online or in your smartphone or tablet's app store for collage maker programs or apps. Select a free version and sign up or download it so you can use it to create your photo collage without having to purchase a full program.[1]

    Make a Photo Collage Step 1 Version 7.jpg
    • Popular free digital collage making apps and programs include Canva, Adobe Spark, BeFunky, and PhotoCollage. They allow you to upload your own photos, but they may not have as many embellishments or styles to choose from as a premium collage-making program.
    • Other great free options include Layout from Instagram and Google Photos, both of which allow you to choose photos that you've uploaded and put them together into a simple collage format.
    • Some premium programs like Adobe Photoshop allow you to download a free trial version so you can use a more professional program that has more features than free ones to make a collage without paying the full price for it.
    • Use a word processor for an easy-to-use option that you may already have on your computer to make a quick photo collage.
  2. Purchase a professional design program for more features. If you want a more polished, professional-looking collage, look online or through your app store for a premium digital design program you can download and use to make one. Choose a premium program for more photo effects, higher-resolution downloads, and more templates you can use to make your collage.[2]
    Make a Photo Collage Step 2 Version 7.jpg
    • Adobe Photoshop, PicMonkey Collage, and Fotor are popular design programs. They include tutorials that will teach you how to use the program to enhance your photos and make professional-looking collages.
    • Professional design programs come with more layout and customization options, additional embellishments, and allow you to edit and modify your photos to produce higher-quality images, but they can be expensive. For example, Adobe Photoshop costs around $600 USD.
    • Many free programs, such as Canva, BeFunky, and piZap offer premium versions you can buy to access additional features, without having to pay to the full cost of a professional design program.
  3. Look through the templates to see the layout options. Collage-making programs include predesigned templates you can use.[3] Open the program and find the college templates. Look through the various template options to see what's available.

    • For instance, if you have 15-20 photos you want to use in your collage, look for templates that would allow you to fit them all.
    • Some programs, such as Google Photos and Instagram Layouts, will allow you to select the photos you want to add and then will arrange them into a few different layouts you can select so all of your photos are included.
  4. Select a layout that suits the theme of your photo collage. Consider which photos you want to be more noticeable in your collage and look for templates that allow you to feature them. Look for a template style and design that suits the theme of your photos as well. Select a template and layout that works best for your collage.[4]
    Make a Photo Collage Step 4 Version 7.jpg
    • Consider the size of the collage, too. If you're making a holiday card, for example, you may want to choose a postcard size template.
    • Think about the style of the layout as well. For instance, if you're making a collage of you and your best friend, you may want to pick one with lots of colors and fun embellishments, whereas you may want to have cute dog bone designs for a collage with photos of you and your pup.
  5. Upload or add your photos and arrange them. If you're making a collage on your smartphone or tablet, select the photos that you want to add from your camera roll. If you're making one on your computer, move all of the photos you want into a folder so they're collected in one place, then upload or add them into the collage maker program. Select and move the photos around in the collage and play with the arrangement until you're happy with it.[5]

    • Choose photos that go together to form a theme for your collage. For example, you could select a bunch of pictures of your friends to make a "best friends" collage, or upload pictures of your family members for a family collage theme
    • Resize images and arrange them so some are larger and more prominent if you want featured photos. For instance, you could place a picture of you and your spouse kissing in the center and surround it with photos of the 2 of you on vacation. If you have a photo of your niece blowing out the candles on her birthday cake, you could have a larger slot for that photo with additional photos from their birthday party to fill out the rest of the collage.
  6. Add stickers and graphics as embellishments to your collage. Check out the stickers, images, and graphics the collage maker has included. Choose ones that you like and match the overall theme of your collage. Place them around your collage to make it more eye-catching.[6]

    • You may need to switch to the photo editing mode of the collage maker to add graphics and stickers.
    • For instance, you could add some hearts over photos of you and your boyfriend.
  7. Use text to label and add words and phrases. Switch to the editing mode in your collage maker and choose the option to add text.[7] Label photos if you want to remember the date or just add a sweet message. You could also add large text to commemorate an event or add to the theme of the collage.

    • For example, you could add "Happy Birthday!" for a birthday collage or "Congratulations!" over a collage of graduation photos.
    • You could also add text that says something like, "True Love" or "Memories to Last a Lifetime."
  8. Add a border or frame to accent the collage. Look through the border and frame options included with your collage maker and choose one that adds that extra something to your final product. Choose a border that matches a common color theme in your collage or go with something whack to keep it fun.[8]

    • Choose a color that makes sense for the theme of your collage. For example, you could go with a pink or blue border for a photo collage of baby pictures, or if there's a lot of red in your pictures, you could choose a red border to complement the photos.
    • Some programs include fancy ornate frames that could work well for your collage.
    • You could also choose bright, sparkly borders for a fun collage of you and your bestie, or a frame with a bunch of footballs for a collage of photos of your kids playing sports.
  9. Print out your collage onto photo paper or save and share the image. Once you're finished with your digital collage, save it to your computer, smartphone, or tablet. Upload and share it on social media so your friends and family can see it. You could also print it out on photo paper or send it to a printing service for professional quality images that you can frame or hang up at your home or office.[9]
    Make a Photo Collage Step 9 Version 7.jpg
    • Many printing services, such as Walmart or Walgreens, have apps you can use to upload your collage image and have it printed on photo paper.
    • Save your collage to your computer or a digital photo album such as Google Photos so you can have it saved forever.

[Edit]Printed Photo Collage

  1. Gather or print the photos based on the collage you want to make. Start by deciding what the purpose of your collage is, then collect all of the photos you want to use that suit the theme and idea. Collect the photos, print them out, or make copies of originals so you can use them for your collage without being worried about damaging them.[10]
    Make a Photo Collage Step 10 Version 7.jpg
    • For instance, you could make a collage of your family or friends. You could also make a collage of your pets or memories with your best friend. Deciding what your collage will reflect will help you choose what photos you want to use.
  2. Cut the images out of the photos and arrange them on thick paper. Take a pair of scissors and cut out the images and faces from the photos. Place them over a thick sheet of paper or cardboard and play around with the arrangement until you're happy with the layout.[11]

    • You could also use canvas or thick poster board for your background.
    • If you don't want to cut out the photos, you don't have to! You can definitely just arrange the photos on the thick paper to make your collage.
  3. Use a glue stick to glue the images to the background. Once you're happy with the arrangement, take a glue stick, rub some glue onto the back of the images, and attach the image to the thick paper background. Glue all of the images into place 1 by 1 in the way you laid them out.[12]

    • Glue sticks won't stain or wrinkle the images like liquid glue can, and they dry quickly.
    • You can find glue sticks at your local craft supply store or department store. You can also order them online.
  4. Cut out images from magazines to use as embellishments. Gather a bunch of old newspapers and magazines. Take a pair of scissors and cut out fun and interesting images to add to your collage.[13]

    • You can also cut out different shapes from colorful paper to use as embellishments for your collage.
  5. Glue the cutouts and other embellishments to your collage to make it dynamic. Embellishments such as cut-outs from magazines can really make your collage stand out. Use your glue stick to apply some glue to the embellishments and attach them to your collage.[14]

    • Use embellishments that suit the theme or focus of your collage. For instance, you could use a lot of ribbons or bows for a photo collage of your daughter.
    • You could also use stickers that have an adhesive backing to add some fun images to your collage. For example, you could put some heart stickers or stars to fill in any empty spaces.


[Edit]Tips

  • Make a collage with a friend or loved one so you can make a new memory as you reflect on other memories in your photos.

[Edit]Warnings

  • Make a copy or scan old photos so you can print them for your collage without damaging or ruining them.

[Edit]References

[Edit]Quick Summary

How to Plan an Aquarium

Posted: 10 Feb 2021 08:00 AM PST

Planning your new aquarium is a great opportunity to be creative and have some fun! Start by deciding what kind of fish you want since the rest of your choices will revolve around that particular species. Most fish species crave specific environments, so keep their needs in mind as you brainstorm your design and buy supplies. You could mimic a natural scene, like a mountain, river bottom, or the ocean floor, or use your imagination to create a unique fantasy world.

[Edit]Steps

[Edit]Basic Tank Setup

  1. Choose what kind of fish or creatures you want. Most of your plans and purchases will revolve around the specific needs of your fish, so start there! Freshwater fish, like goldfish and Betta fish, tend to be hardier, cheaper, and easier to maintain. Tropical fish are colorful and striking, but since they need a saltwater environment, setup is a little harder. Both are awesome choices, so it's completely up to you.[1]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 1 Version 2.jpg
    • A freshwater tank is the way to go if you're interested in a lush planted aquarium; algae is the only plant life that grows in saltwater.[2]
    • Snails, shrimp, clams, mussels, crabs, and crayfish make good tank pets if fish aren't your thing.
    • Don't buy your fish or creatures yet! Setting up your tank takes a couple of weeks and the fish go in last.[3]
  2. Get a single fish or a few of the same species to get started. To keep things simple, start with a single species. If you want multiples within a single species, make sure they're all about the same size. Otherwise, bigger fish may attack or try to eat their smaller tank mates.[4] A few species to consider:
    Plan an Aquarium Step 2 Version 2.jpg
    • Goldfish, guppies, and swordtails (freshwater) are easy to care for and get along with members of their own species.
    • Betta fish (freshwater) are gorgeous and don't need a lot of space to be happy. They're aggressive toward their own kind, though, so keep 1 at a time.[5]
    • Celestial Pearl Danios (freshwater) prefer to live in groups of 4-6.[6]
    • Four Stripe Damselfish (saltwater) are gorgeous but aggressive. If you have a small tank, try keeping a solitary damselfish.
    • Flame Angel Fish (saltwater) are rarely aggressive toward their own kind. You could keep 3-4 of them together.[7]
  3. Choose community fish with similar needs if you want multiple species. Some fish are aggressive toward their own kind but enjoy living among other species. If you're thinking about mixing up species, make sure they live in the same type of water! Freshwater and saltwater fish can't live together.[8] A few peaceful species that can coexist together include:
    Plan an Aquarium Step 3 Version 2.jpg
    • Common Clownfish (saltwater)[9]
    • Auriga Butterflyfish (saltwater)
    • Bumblebee Gobies (freshwater)[10]
    • Swordtails (freshwater)
    • Mollies (freshwater)
    • Black Skirt Tetras (freshwater)[11]
  4. Buy a tank that's large enough for the type and number of fish you want. A 10-gallon (37.8 L) "starter" tank provides plenty of room for 3-4 small fish.[12] At minimum, the tank should hold at least 1 gallon (3.7 L) of water per fish. Some fish have particular needs, though, so be sure to research your species before buying your tank.[13]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 4 Version 2.jpg
    • Each gallon of water weighs , so a sturdy aquarium stand is crucial. For example, a 10-gallon (37.8 L) starter tank will weigh when it's full. That's pretty heavy![14]
    • Make sure you have enough space at home to accommodate the size of your tank before you spend any money.[15]
  5. Place the aquarium on a flat, stable surface out of direct sunlight. Clean the tank with warm water and a little salt and rinse it out thoroughly.[16] If you didn't buy an aquarium stand, be sure to put your tank on a level surface that can accommodate its full weight. Put the tank in a low-traffic area where it's less likely to get knocked over. Avoid placing it near sunny windows and doorways.[17]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 5 Version 2.jpg
    • Direct sunlight raises the water temperature too much and could harm your fish.
    • Avoid drafty areas and areas close to heating/cooling vents.[18]
  6. Add a layer of substrate to the tank. You have several choices for your aquarium floor, but plain gravel is the cheapest and easiest option for most saltwater and freshwater tanks. Be sure to rinse off the gravel thoroughly before adding it to the tank! For a planted freshwater aquarium, mix equal parts potting soil and peat moss for your substrate.[19] Substrate options include:
    Plan an Aquarium Step 6 Version 2.jpg
    • Plain or colored gravel (saltwater and non-planted freshwater tanks)[20]
    • Commercial sand (saltwater tanks)
    • Crushed coral (saltwater tanks)[21]
    • Commercial aquatic soil (freshwater tanks)
    • Flourite/seachem (freshwater tanks)
    • Plain gravel mixed with aquatic soil (freshwater)
    • Clay or laterite (freshwater)[22]
    • Small shells or crushed limestone (saltwater)[23]
  7. Install a fluorescent lighting system that works on a timer. Most aquarium hoods have fluorescent light fixtures, but the basic bulbs included aren't great if you're adding plants. Switch those out with brighter fluorescent lights. Additional LEDs or fluorescent strips can increase the brightness or concentrate light in certain areas.[24]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 7 Version 2.jpg
    • Different fish require different light cycles to thrive. Be sure to research your species so you can set your timer accordingly. If you're doing a planted freshwater tank, take the plant's needs into account, as well.
    • Never use incandescent lighting for your tank since those are fire hazards and they heat up the water too much.
  8. Select and install an appropriate filtration system for your setup. If your tank is 50 gallons (189 L) or less, a filter that hangs or clips to the back of the aquarium is a good choice. For tanks over 50 gallons (189 L), get a canister filter instead. You can buy both types of filters at your local pet store.[25]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 8 Version 2.jpg
  9. Fill the tank with water and dechlorinate it. Use tap water or drag a hose over to fill up the tank with water. Then, add a dechlorination agent, like the ones that come in tablet form. Follow the package instructions for how much to use per gallon of water.[26]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 9 Version 2.jpg
    • For a saltwater tank, mix in pre-packaged commercial ocean salt according to the package instructions.[27]
    • Buy these items at your local pet store or online.

[Edit]Plant and Decor Placement

  1. Keep the preferred environment of your fish species in mind. The goal is to create an ideal space with plenty of room for the fish to move around. Take some time to research before adding any design elements. Some fish love plenty of open space with a smattering of craggy rocks, while others crave dense vegetation and lots of hiding places. Once you know what your fish wants, buy the needed decor and start creating![28]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 10 Version 2.jpg
    • For example, Bicolor Angelfish and Four Stripe Damselfish (saltwater) love craggy rocks and open space.[29]
    • Sparkling Gourami (freshwater) prefer dense foliage for plenty of cover with a few pieces of driftwood scattered around.[30]
  2. Choose a variety of plants with similar needs so they'll thrive together. Before buying any plants, select a few that you're interested in and research their water pH, temperature, and light needs. Look into growth speed, as well; planting fast-growers with slow-growers can throw off the balance of available nutrients. Make sure your chosen plants work well together.[31]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 11 Version 2.jpg
    • Buy young, healthy plants that won't overcrowd the tank as they grow.
    • Use plastic plants instead of live plants if you have a saltwater tank or a freshwater tank with gravel substrate.[32]
    • The design suggestions are the same for plastic and living plants.
  3. Vary the color and size of decor to create visual interest. Select plants that are different shades of green and throw in a few red or yellow plants for a pop of color. Plants with different leaf shapes tend to look the most natural. Choose a mix of tall, medium, and short plants.[33]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 12.jpg
    • For saltwater tanks, use different colors of coral and cool-looking shells.
    • Driftwood is great for freshwater tanks, but it may rot in saltwater tanks.[34]
    • Avoid buying a bunch of similar-looking plants or rocks since the scene will look too structured and unnatural.[35]
    • Cover plants, like moss, can look really cool, too.
  4. Place the tallest, thickest plants in the background. These plants set the main backdrop of the scene, so think about the shape you want to create. Be sure to vary the height of the plants to create contrast. Avoid creating a "hedge" in the background with a row of plants that are all the same height since that looks unnatural.[36] Consider options like:
    Plan an Aquarium Step 13.jpg
    • Sword plants[37]
    • Vallisneria
    • Java ferns
    • Stem plants like Anacharis, Hornwort, and Cabomba
    • Water wisteria[38]
  5. Put eye-catching rocks, wood, and plants in the middle ground. Take your time arranging the middle ground since this is the "heart" of your scene. Create a main focal point that's slightly off-center with your coolest-looking items, like craggy rocks, oddly-shaped driftwood, intricate coral, and unusual plants. Use bushy, medium-sized plants that are shorter than the ones in the background to surround and embellish the focal point.[39] Feel free to get creative with rocks and wood! As for plants, good options include:
    Plan an Aquarium Step 14.jpg
    • Stem plants like Hornwort
    • Java ferns
    • Cryptocoryne[40]
  6. Use large pieces of coral and rock sparsely in a saltwater tank. Go with 2-3 large rock or coral elements and position them wherever you like as long as they aren't sitting close to the glass. Don't forget to keep your fish in mind as you create the environment! If your fish need hiding places, arrange the rock/coral elements accordingly.[41]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 15.jpg
    • For example, place 1 large rock a little off-center inside the tank. Lean a long, thin rock up against it to create a narrow space for smaller fish who need hideouts or privacy.
  7. Arrange the shortest plants in the foreground as accents. Use the foreground to add finishing touches to your scene. These plants and objects should shorter than elements in the middle ground, since those are the star of the show. Ground cover plants, like moss, can add another layer of dimension and visual interest.[42] Options to consider:
    Plan an Aquarium Step 16.jpg
    • Dwarf Lilly
    • Dwarf Anubias
    • Micro-Sword Grass
    • Crypt Wendtii
    • Java moss[43]

[Edit]Themed Designs

  1. Try an underwater castle or sunken ship theme in your saltwater tank. Saltwater fish like plenty of space and tend to prefer rocky or coral decorations over dense plants. Try positioning a large castle or sunken ship a little off-center in the tank as your focal point. Build the rest of the scene around the focal point, keeping other elements fairly sparse.[44]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 17.jpg
    • For example, support a sunken ship with a few craggy rocks.
    • Use a castle as a focal point in an Atlantis-themed scene.
    • Pick up tank-safe resin structures at any pet supply store. They usually have lots of holes and passageways for your fish to swim through.
  2. Set up an Iwagumi aquascape with lots of rocks and a few short plants. This popular style features a variety of rocks as the primary landscape. You need a large "Father" rock to dominate the tank as a focal point, so choose something that looks cool! Balance out the rocky terrain with a couple of small plants.[45]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 18.jpg
    • The rocks are the most important element, so choose an interesting assortment.
    • Use short plants with attractive foliage to highlight the rock features.
  3. Go with a mountain-style landscape if you have a roomy tank. Select 1 large, sloping rock to be the mountain. Place the rock a little to the left or right of the tank's center with the most interesting side facing forward. Build the rest of the landscape close to the "mountain." Leave the foreground open and arrange medium and tall plants in the middle ground and background to accentuate the rock.[46]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 19.jpg
    • Cover plants like moss can also look neat growing on the mountain.
  4. Try a densely packed jungle backdrop for a lush landscape. Use an assortment of large plants with big leaves in vibrant shades of green for an Amazon jungle vibe. Pack the tallest plants densely in the background and create a focal point around a wood pile or a few rocks in the middle ground. Accentuate the focal point with short plants in the middle ground and foreground.[47]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 20.jpg
    • For a beachy jungle look, add a thin layer of sand to the foreground.
  5. Mimic a river bed or lake bottom for an easy, natural look. For a low maintenance design, create a densely-packed focal point with plants, rocks, and driftwood. Place it a little off-center so it doesn't look too perfect. Use a wide variety of plants and really pack them in so the rock/wood elements barely peek through. Add a thin layer of gravel or sand in the foreground to complete the scene.[48]
    Plan an Aquarium Step 21.jpg
    • Check out images online for inspiration or build the scene using your imagination.

[Edit]Video

[Edit]Tips

  • Invest in a solid tank set up so you won't have to buy additional supplies later.
  • Remember to choose compatible fish when you're ready to add them to the tank.

[Edit]Warnings

  • Avoid placing your tank in direct sunlight.

[Edit]Things You'll Need

  • Tank
  • Lighting fixture
  • Filter
  • Dechlorination tablets
  • Plants
  • Rocks
  • Driftwood
  • Substrate

[Edit]Related wikiHows

[Edit]References

  1. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/saltwater-vs-freshwater-aquarium/
  2. http://www.reefaquarium.com/2012/ever-wanted-a-planted-saltwater-aquarium/
  3. https://ag.purdue.edu/hla/pubs/HO/HO-24.pdf
  4. https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/rural-communities/4h/pubs/small-animals-aquarium-fish.pdf
  5. https://www.pbspettravel.co.uk/blog/10-best-freshwater-fish-for-beginner-aquariums/
  6. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/small-freshwater-fish/
  7. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/saltwater-aquarium-fish/
  8. https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/rural-communities/4h/pubs/small-animals-aquarium-fish.pdf
  9. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/saltwater-aquarium-fish/
  10. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/small-freshwater-fish/
  11. https://www.pbspettravel.co.uk/blog/10-best-freshwater-fish-for-beginner-aquariums/
  12. https://portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Fishing/Freshwater/Freshwater-Fishes-of-Connecticut/Home-Aquariums
  13. https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/rural-communities/4h/pubs/small-animals-aquarium-fish.pdf
  14. https://www.fdacs.gov/Consumer-Resources/Recreation-and-Leisure/Aquarium-Fish/Aquarium-Components-Tank-Stand-Cover
  15. https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/pets/fish.html
  16. https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/rural-communities/4h/pubs/small-animals-aquarium-fish.pdf
  17. http://www.troutintheclassroom.org/teachers/technical-information/basic-setup
  18. http://agrilife.org/fisheries2/files/2013/10/Starting-and-Maintaining-a-Marine-Aquarium.pdf
  19. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/setting-up-planted-aquarium/
  20. https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/rural-communities/4h/pubs/small-animals-aquarium-fish.pdf
  21. https://www.fdacs.gov/Consumer-Resources/Recreation-and-Leisure/Aquarium-Fish/Aquarium-Components-Substrate
  22. https://aquariuminfo.org/substrate.html
  23. http://agrilife.org/fisheries2/files/2013/10/Starting-and-Maintaining-a-Marine-Aquarium.pdf
  24. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/setting-up-planted-aquarium/
  25. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/setting-up-planted-aquarium/
  26. https://aquariuminfo.org/beginner.html
  27. http://agrilife.org/fisheries2/files/2013/10/Starting-and-Maintaining-a-Marine-Aquarium.pdf
  28. https://animalcorner.org/best-fish-tank-decorations/
  29. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/saltwater-aquarium-fish/
  30. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/small-freshwater-fish/
  31. https://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/plants/SelectionandPlantingPlants.htm
  32. https://users.cs.duke.edu/~narten/faq/hardware.html
  33. https://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/plants/SelectionandPlantingPlants.htm
  34. http://agrilife.org/fisheries2/files/2013/10/Starting-and-Maintaining-a-Marine-Aquarium.pdf
  35. https://aquariuminfo.org/
  36. https://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/plants/SelectionandPlantingPlants.htm
  37. https://ag.purdue.edu/hla/pubs/HO/HO-24.pdf
  38. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/setting-up-planted-aquarium/
  39. https://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/plants/SelectionandPlantingPlants.htm
  40. https://ag.purdue.edu/hla/pubs/HO/HO-24.pdf
  41. https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=601&v=fXUNs9_uiU4&feature=youtu.be
  42. https://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/plants/SelectionandPlantingPlants.htm
  43. https://www.buildyouraquarium.com/setting-up-planted-aquarium/
  44. https://animalcorner.org/best-fish-tank-decorations/
  45. https://www.tankarium.com/aquascape-ideas/
  46. https://aquariuminfo.org/
  47. https://www.tankarium.com/aquascape-ideas/
  48. https://www.tankarium.com/aquascape-ideas/

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